中非乍得Bongor盆地北部斜坡下白垩统油气成藏期次

Hydrocarbon accumulation history in Lower Cretaceous in northern slope of Bongor Basin in Chad,Central Africa

基于流体包裹体均一温度测试和磷灰石裂变径迹分析,对乍得Bongor盆地北部斜坡下白垩统油气成藏时间和期次开展研究。研究表明,下白垩统Kubla组和Prosopis组储集层样品中与油气共生的盐水流体包裹体均一温度总体上表现为高、低温两组峰值区间,低温峰值区间和高温峰值区间分别为75~105℃和115~135℃;Kubla组和Prosopis组样品均经历了5个构造演化阶段,即早白垩世发生快速沉降,晚白垩世晚期发生构造反转,古近纪发生小幅沉降,古近纪与新近纪之交抬升,中新世以来则处于沉降阶段;其中晚白垩世剥蚀厚度约1.8km,古近纪与新近纪之交剥蚀厚度约0.5 km,两期剥蚀叠加厚度约2.3 km。与油气包裹体共生的盐水包裹体的均一温度用以作为油气捕获温度,结合磷灰石裂变径迹热演化史模拟研究,结果表明Bongor盆地北部斜坡下白垩统Kubla组和Prosopis组具有一致的油气成藏时间和期次,均在距今80~95 Ma和65~80 Ma分别经历了两期油气充注。第1期充注对应于油气初始运移,为早白垩世快速沉积末期,第2期充注处于晚白垩世构造强烈反转阶段。

Based on the analysis of the fluid inclusion homogenization temperature and apatite fission track on the northern slope zone of the Bongor Basin in Chad,this paper studied the time and stages of hydrocarbon accumulation in the study area.The results show that:(1)The brine inclusions of the samples from the Kubla and Prosopis formations in the Lower Cretaceous coexisting with the hydrocarbon generally present two sets of peak ranges of homogenization temperature,with the peak ranges of low temperature and high temperature being 75–105℃and 115–135℃,respectively;(2)The samples from the Kubla and Prosopis formations have experienced five tectonic evolution stages,i.e.,rapid subsidence in the Early Cretaceous,tectonic reversal in the Late Cretaceous,small subsidence in the Paleogene,uplift at the turn of the Paleogene and Neogene,and subsidence since the Miocene,in which the denudation thickness of the Late Cretaceous and after the turn of the Paleogene and Neogene are~1.8 km and~0.5 km,respectively.The cumulative denudation thickness of the two periods is about 2.3 km;(3)Using the brine inclusion homogenization temperature coexisting with the hydrocarbon as the capture temperature of the hydrocarbon,and combining with the apatite fission track thermal history modeling,the result shows that the Kubla and Prosopis formations in the Lower Cretaceous on the northern slope of the Bongor Basin have the same hydrocarbon accumulation time and stages,both of which have undergone two stages of hydrocarbon charging at 80–95 Ma and 65–80 Ma.The first stage of charging corresponds to the initial migration of hydrocarbon at the end of the Early Cretaceous rapid sedimentation,while the second stage of charging is in the stage of intense tectonic reversal in the Late Cretaceous.