基于微卫星标记的密点麻蜥遗传结构分析

Genetic Structure Characterization of Eremias multiocellata Based on Microsatellite Markers

研究选取了Emu49、Emu53、Emu55等10个微卫星位点对采集自甘肃省张掖市高台县八坝村(GTBB)和宁夏回族自治区中卫市甘塘镇(GT)2个地区的16只密点麻蜥进行了遗传结构分析。结果表明:在GTBB和GT地区的16个密点麻蜥样本种群平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.697和4.858,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.353和0.797,平均观测杂合度(Ho)为0.253和0.561。2个群体的平均近交系数(Fis)为0.472,平均遗传分化系数(Fst)为0.209,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.703,种群之间的变异率达到了29%,而群体内的变异率达到了71%。这说明所选微卫星位点大部分信息含量为高水平,具有高度多态性,可作为密点麻蜥遗传多样性分析的分子标记;2个地区密点麻蜥种群的遗传结构存在较低的基因交流程度,在此情况下,应引进优良基因,加强基因交流,提高群体的杂合程度,强化对密点麻蜥生存环境和物种资源的保护。

Ten microsatellite loci,including Emu49,Emu53,and Emu55,were selected to analyze the genetic structure of 16 individuals of Eremias multiocellata collected from Baba Village,Gaotai County,Zhangye City,Gansu Province(GTBB)and Gantang Town,Zhongwei City,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(GT).The results showed that the E.multiocellata populations in GTBB and GT had the average number of effective alleles(Ne)of 1.697 and 4.858,the average expected heterozygosity(He)of 0.353 and 0.797,and the average observed heterozygosity(Ho)of 0.253 and 0.561,respectively.The populations in the two areas showed the average inbreeding coefficient(Fis)of 0.472,the average genetic differentiation coefficient(Fst)of 0.209,and the average polymorphic information content(PIC)of 0.703.The variation rates between populations and within populations reached 29%and 71%,respectively.The results indicated that most of the selected microsatellite loci had rich information and high polymorphism and thus can be used as molecular markers for the genetic diversity analysis of E.multiocellata.The genetic structure of E.multiocellata populations in the two areas had a low degree of gene exchange,and thus good genes should be introduced to strengthen the gene exchange and increase the heterozygosity between populations.In addition,measures should be taken to strengthen the protection of habitats and resources of E.multiocellata.