论双碳背景下的清洁能源技术强制许可

On Compulsory Licensing of Clean Energy Technology under the Background of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality

中国加入《巴黎协定》后提出力争2030年实现碳达峰、2060年实现碳中和,在双碳背景下有学者提出比照药品强制许可对清洁能源技术实施强制许可,而现有理论存在论证逻辑谬误、维度欠缺等多种问题。基于环境权的法哲学外部证立、法规范的法教义学内部证立、清洁能源专利实施情况的实证分析以及清洁能源专利与药品专利的比较分析,得出结论:清洁能源强制许可具备法律上的正当性,但不具备实施上的必要性。尽管如此,仍应当完善强制许可制度,发挥其对技术转让谈判的辅助作用,促进清洁能源技术转让,为实现碳达峰、碳中和的远景目标保驾护航。

When China joined the Paris Agreement,it proposed to strive to achieve carbon peaking in 2030 and carbon neutrality in 2060.Under the background of dual-carbon,some scholars proposed to implement compulsory licensing of clean energy technology by comparing compulsory licensing of medicines.However,the existing theory has a logic of argumentation fallacy,a lack of dimension and many other problems.Through the external justification of legal philosophy based on environmental rights,the internal justification of jurisprudence based on legal norms,the empirical analysis based on the implementation of clean energy patents,and the comparative analysis based on clean energy patents and pharmaceutical patents.It is concluded that clean energy compulsory licensing has legally justified,but not practically necessary.Even so,the compulsory licensing system should be improved to play an assistant role in technology transfer negotiations,promote the transfer of clean energy technology,and guarantee the long-term goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.