资本逻辑批判与生命逻辑建构——乔尔·科威尔生态社会主义理论的生命政治意蕴

Criticism of Capital Logic and Construction of Life Logic——Life Political Implication of Joel Kovel's Ecological Socialist Theory

人的生命权利伴随着现代性的发展逐渐被凸显,而作为现代性发展的时代产物,生命政治学表现出对人作为现代主体的自然生命权利的价值审思。在此意义上,科威尔立足于生态中心主义的价值观将人置于整个生态系统的集合中,其生态社会主义理论无论对生态危机的揭示,还是对作为危机根源的资本逻辑的批判,都表现出对人的生命权利的政治关怀,具有丰富的生命政治意蕴。科威尔不仅从理论维度揭露了资本与危机对人的生命世界的渗入以及“资本力场”对人的生命权利的异化,而且从实践维度提出了资本主义视域下人的生命政治回归的基本构想,即通向生态社会主义社会以实现对人的生命权利的本质占有。因此,科威尔生态社会主义理论以资本逻辑批判与生命逻辑建构为主题,蕴含着以批判“资本力场”对人的生命权利异化为核心,以克服生命权利异化从而实现人的生命解放为应然旨归的生命政治逻辑。

The right of human life has gradually been highlighted with the development of modernity.As a product of the development of modernity,the philosophy of life politics demonstrates a value review of the natural life rights of humans as modern subjects.In this sense,Kovel,based on the values of ecological centrism,places humans in the collection of the entire ecosystem.His theory of ecological socialism demonstrates political concern for human life rights and has rich life political implications in both revealing ecological crises and criticizing the logic of capital as the root cause of crises.Kovel not only exposes the infiltration of capital and crisis into the human life world from a theoretical perspective,as well as the alienation of human life rights from the“capital force field”,but also proposes the basic concept of human life political return from the perspective of capitalism in practice,which is to lead to an ecological socialist society to achieve the essential possession of human life rights.Therefore,Kovel's theory takes the criticism of capital logic and the construction of life logic as its theoretical theme,containing a life political logic that focuses on criticizing the alienation of human life rights by the“capital force field”,and aims to overcome the alienation of life rights and achieve the liberation of human life.