不同栽培模式对‘巨峰’葡萄品质和效益的影响

Effects of Different Cultivation Modes on the Quality and Benefit of Grape‘Kyoho'

【目的】筛选出优化的“巨峰”葡萄避雨栽培模式,为福建葡萄优质高效栽培提供参考。【方法】比较2022-2023年避雨栽培“一”字形棚架式与高干水平自然发散形棚架式等栽培模式下巨峰葡萄的果实品质和经济效益。【结果】与传统的高干水平自然发散形棚架式相比,“一”字形棚架式良好地改善了树体的通风透光性能,促进葡萄果粒均匀上色,实现成熟期提早10d左右,优质果率和可溶性固形物含量分别提升17.7和0.9个百分点,而生产成本减少,每667m^(2)效益增收近700元。【结论】“一”字形棚架式可以有效促进巨峰葡萄果实外观及内在品质的提升,栽培管理更简便省工,可达到节本增效目的,适宜在福建葡萄避雨生产中推广应用。

[Objective]The purpose of this paper isto screen the optimized rain-shelter cultivation mode and provide references for high quality and eficient cultivation of grape Kyoho'.[Method]From 2022 to 2023,grape‘Kyoho'under the“one”shaped trellis mode and high stem and horizontal natural divergence trellis mode were used as experimental materials,and the fruit quality and economic benefits were compared.[Result]Under the“one”shaped trellis mode,the ventilation and light transmitance of plants were improved,uniform coloring was promoted and the maturity was advanced by about 10 days,and the high-quality fruit rate and soluble solid content increased by 17.7 and 0.9 percentage points,respectively compared with that under the high stem and horizontal natural divergence trellis mode.At the same time,the production cost was reduced,and the economic benefit per 667 m^(2) was close to 700 yuan.[Conclusion]The“one”shaped trellis modecould improve the appearance and internal quality of grape‘Kyoho',facilitate culivation management,save labor cost and achieve cost saving and efficiency improvement,so it is suitable for popularization and application in Fujian grape rain shelter production.