儒学传统与晚清新小说中的“未来中国”想象

The Confucian Tradition and the Imagination of“Future China”in Late Qing New Novels

晚清一些小说家从超越西学的向度出发,重新发掘儒学传统的救世价值,并将其引入对未来中国的理想叙事之中。这些小说以儒学原则构建未来中国形象,使它与那些片面推崇强大的西方国家区别开来;以儒学目标定位未来中国形象,使它表现出“真文明国”的模样;以儒学品格打造未来中国形象,使它拥有了“明体适用”的生长机制。整体而言,小说家们对儒学传统的重新发掘,没有只停留在对儒学词汇的誊写层面上,而是蕴含了对文化主体在构建未来时如何凭籍儒学的新思考。

Some novelists in the late Qing Dynasty,starting from a dimension beyond Western learning,rediscovered the salvation value of Confucian tradition and introduced it into the ideal narrative of future China.These novels construct the image of future China based on Confucian principles,distinguishing it from those Western countries that unilaterally advocate for power;Positioning the future image of China with Confucian goals,so that it can portray the appearance of a“truly civilized country”;Building the image of future China with Confucian quality,giving it a growth mechanism of“understand the basics and use them effectively”.Overall,the rediscovery of Confucian traditions by novelists is not limited to the transcription of Confucian vocabulary,but contains new reflections on how cultural subjects can rely on Confucianism to construct the future.