基于因子分析法的航空企业竞争力评价研究

Research on Competitiveness Evaluation of Aviation Enterprises Based on Factor Analysis Method

随着全球经济一体化及我国经济的快速发展,国内的航空运输需求不断增长,航空运输逐渐成为了我国交通运输体系的重要组成部分。2020年后,全球经济增速显著放缓,航空运输业的发展也明显放缓。为了探求国内航空企业的发展现状及竞争力情况,文章以我国具有代表性的5家上市航空企业为研究对象,对其2017—2022年的年报数据进行分析。首先,从企业规模、运营能力、创新能力三个方面构建较为完整的评价指标体系;然后,采用因子分析法开展研究,提取规模、运营和创新三个竞争力公共因子;最后,根据公共因子得分及综合得分对各航空企业进行竞争力评价,并提出发展建议。

With the integration of the global economy and the rapid development of China's economy,the demand for domestic air transportation continues to grow,and air transportation has gradually become an important component of China's transportation system.After 2020,the global economic growth rate significantly slowed down,and the development of the air transportation industry also slowed down significantly.In order to explore the development status and competitiveness of domestic aviation enterprises,this paper takes five representative listed aviation enterprises in China as the research objects and analyzes their annual report data from 2017 to 2022.Firstly,the paper constructs a relatively complete evaluation index system from three aspects:enterprise scale,operational capability and innovation capability.Then,the paper uses factor analysis to conduct research,extracting three common competitive factors:scale,operation and innovation.Finally,the paper evaluates the competitiveness of various aviation enterprises based on public factor scores and comprehensive scores,and proposes development suggestions.