建水黄褐鸭线粒体D-loop区遗传多样性分析

Analysis of Genetic Diversity in the Mitochondrial D⁃loop Region of Jianshui Yellow Brown Duck

[目的]了解建水黄褐鸭系统发育、遗传分化和遗传多样性。[方法]选取18只建水黄褐鸭、4只北京鸭、6只揭阳鸭和6只克里莫M18,利用PCR技术对其mtDNA D-loop区序列进行扩增,结合NCBI部分野鸭和家鸭序列,利用MEGA、DNAsp、Arlequin软件进行聚类分析、遗传分化和遗传多样性分析。[结果]建水黄褐鸭与绿头鸭及斑嘴鸭2种野鸭亲缘关系更近;遗传分化指数和遗传距离均以建水黄褐鸭和北京鸭之间最大;建水黄褐鸭、北京鸭、揭阳鸭和克里莫M18这4个群体中建水黄褐鸭群体遗传多样性最低。[结论]建水黄褐鸭可能有绿头鸭和斑嘴鸭2个母系起源;建水黄褐鸭群体遗传多样性偏低,为今后更好地利用地方畜禽资源,应采取相应措施保护其遗传多样性。

[Objective]To understand the phylogeny,genetic differentiation and genetic diversity of Jianshui yellow brown duck.[Method]18 Jianshui yellow brown ducks,4 Pekin ducks,6 Jieyang ducks and 6 Cremo M18 were selected for the experiment.The mtDNA D⁃loop region se⁃quences were amplified by PCR technology.Combined with some NCBI wild ducks and domestic ducks,MEGA,DNAsp,Arlequin software were used for cluster analysis,genetic differentiation and genetic diversity analysis.[Result]The results showed that Jianshui yellow brown duck was more closely related to two wild ducks,namely,mallard duck and spotted billed duck;the genetic differentiation index and genetic distance be⁃tween Jianshui yellow brown duck and Beijing duck were the largest;Jianshui yellow brown duck population has the lowest genetic diversity a⁃mong the four populations of Jianshui yellow brown duck,Beijing duck,Jieyang duck and Kerimo M18.[Conclusion]Jianshui yellow brown duck may have 2 matrilineal origins,originating from mallard duck and spotted billed duck;the genetic diversity of Jianshui yellow brown duck population is relatively low.In order to make better use of local livestock and poultry resources in the future,corresponding measures should be taken to protect its genetic diversity.