明清合州地区列女群体探究——基于方志文本视角

Study of Exemplary Women in Hezhou During the Ming and Qing Dynasties:A Perspective from Local Chronicles

中国传统社会之中,道德行为操守与儒家礼教相契合的“模范”女子称之为列女,将其可大致分类为:节、烈、孝、良、勤、义等。文章以《合州志·列女传》为考察中心,进行概括、分类、解读,明清时期巴渝合州地区列女群体的形成受到国家政治、地理文化、文本撰写方式等多方面因素影响。该文本不仅还原了明清巴渝合州地区男权社会中女性生活的真实状况及道德标榜,还揭露了列女在面临礼教迫害、禁锢时无力的历史事实,也传承了积极的传统文化。

In traditional Chinese societies,those women whose behaviours followed Confucian moral standards were referred to as exemplary women,broadly classified as those embodying virtues such as chas-tity,loyalty,filial piety,kindness,diligence and righteousness.This article studies the Exemplary Women section of Hezhou Gazetteer and finds that the formation of the exemplary women group in Hezhou was influ-enced by the national politics,geography,culture and textual writing styles during the Ming and Qing dynas-ties.The Exemplary Women section of Hezhou Gazetteer reveals the real-life situations and moral standards of women and their powerlessness when facing persecution by Confucian norms in the male-dominated soci-ety of Hezhou in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Furthermore,it also shows the inheritance and development of positive traditional Chinese cultures.