培养基质对油松幼苗生长的影响研究

Effect of Culture Medium on the Growth of Pinus tabulaeformis Seedlings

为探讨甘肃地区容器育苗培养基质对油松幼苗生长的影响,于甘肃省甘州区黑河林场进行了不同培养基质培养油松苗试验,试验共设置5个处理小组:基质1组(CK)、基质2组、基质3组、基质4组和基质5组,每个基质小组的基质配方分别为100%田园土、80%田园土+20%菇渣、60%田园土+20%菇渣+20%松针土、40%田园土+20%菇渣+20%松针土+40%珍珠岩和40%田园土+20%菇渣+20%松针土+40%珍珠岩+ABT生根粉;每个小组120个营养钵,分3个重复,每个重复40个营养钵;各个处理小组的油松苗在容器中培养180d后,对其进行了生长指标和生物量测定。结果表明:基质5组的油松苗高和高径比显著的高于基质3组(P<0.05),极显著的高于基质2组CK组(P<0.01);基质5组的地径显著的高于基质2组和CK组(P<0.05);基质5组的冠幅显著的高于基质3组、基质2组(P<0.05),极显著的高于CK组(P<0.01);基质5组的侧根数显著的高于基质4组、基质3组(P<0.05),极显著的高于基质2组和CK组(P<0.01);基质5组和基质4组相比,基质5组的侧根数显著的高于基质4组(P<0.05)其他的苗高、地径、高径比、冠幅和主根长差异不显著(P>0.05);基质5组的地上鲜重和基质4组的相比差异不显著(P>0.05),但是显著高于基质3组(P<0.05),及显著的高于基质2组和CK组(P<0.01);地上鲜重、干重基质5组和基质4组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),但是基质5组显著的高于基质3组(P<0.05),极显著的高于基质2组和CK组(P<0.01);基质5组的地下鲜重、地下干重显著的高于基质4组(P<0.05),极显著的高于基质3组、基质2组和CK组(P<0.01);单株鲜重和根冠比基质3组、2组和CK组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),但是极显著的低于基质5组(P<0.01),显著的低于基质4组(P<0.05);综上所述,以基质5组40%田园土+20%菇渣+20%松针土+40%珍珠岩+ABT生根粉更有利于油松苗生长。

In order to explore the effect of container seedling culture medium on the growth of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings in Gansu region,this study conducted different culture medium culture experiments on Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings in Heihe Forest Farm,Ganzhou District,Gansu Province.A total of 5 treatment groups were set up,including substrate 1 group(CK),substrate 2 group,substrate 3 group,substrate 4 group,and substrate 5 group.The matrix formulas for each substrate group were 100%rural soil,80%rural soil+20%mushroom residue,60%rural soil+20%mushroom residue+20%pine needle soil,40%rural soil+20%mushroom residue+20%pine needle soil+40%perlite and 40%rural soil+20%mushroom residue+20%pine needle soil+40%perlite+ABT rooting powder;Each group has 120 nutrition bowls,divided into 3 replicates,with 40 nutrition bowls per replicate;After 180 days of cultivation in containers,the growth indicators and biomass of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings from each treatment group were measured;The results showed that the height and aspect ratio of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings in matrix 5 group were significantly higher than those in matrix 3 group(P<0.05),and significantly higher than those in matrix 2 group CK group(P<0.01);The ground diameter of matrix 5 group was significantly higher than that of matrix 2 group and CK group(P<0.05);The crown diameter of matrix 5 group was significantly higher than that of matrix 3 group and matrix 2 group(P<0.05),and significantly higher than that of CK group(P<0.01);The number of lateral roots in matrix 5 group was significantly higher than that in matrix 4 and matrix 3 groups(P<0.05),and significantly higher than that in matrix 2 and CK groups(P<0.01);Compared with matrix 4 group,the number of lateral roots in matrix 5 group was significantly higher than that in matrix 4 group(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in other seedling height,ground diameter,height to diameter ratio,crown width,and main root length(P>0.05);The difference in aboveground fresh weight between matrix 5 group and matrix 4 group was not significant(P>0.05),but was significantly higher than matrix 3 group(P<0.05),and significantly higher than matrix 2 group and CK group(P<0.01);There was no significant difference(P>0.05)in the fresh and dry weight above ground between the matrix 5 group and the matrix 4 group,but the matrix 5 group was significantly higher than the matrix 3 group(P<0.05),and significantly higher than the matrix 2 group and the CK group(P<0.01);The underground fresh weight and underground dry weight of matrix 5 group were significantly higher than those of matrix 4 group(P<0.05),and significantly higher than those of matrix 3 group,matrix 2 group,and CK group(P<0.01);The fresh weight and root to shoot ratio of a single plant were not significantly different between the matrix 3,2,and CK groups(P>0.05),but were significantly lower than the matrix 5 group(P<0.01)and significantly lower than the matrix 4 group(P<0.05);In summary,the growth of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings is more effectively utilized with 5 groups of substrate:40%pastoral soil,20%mushroom residue,20%pine needle soil,40%perlite,and ABT rooting powder.