外来入侵植物对贵州习水国家级自然保护区的危害及对策

Harm and Countermeasures of Invasive Alien Plants to Xishui National Nature Reserve in Guizhou

自然保护区是生物多样性迁地保护的主要重要场所,是区域阻止外来物种入侵的有效屏障。对贵州省面积最大的国家级自然保护区-贵州习水国家级自然保护区的外来入侵植物进行了实地调查与分析,结果表明:保护区存在26个外来入侵植物物种,属于15个科和24个属,主要分布在实验区和缓冲区的道路两侧。这些入侵植物主要通过人类活动传播,尚未对生态系统造成失衡。基于外来入侵植物的特点和生态影响,提出了监测预警、宣传培训、清除修复和搭建平台等对策建议。

Nature reserves are the primary important sites for biodiversity conservation and serve as effective barriers against the invasion of alien species in the region.A field investigation and analysis of alien invasive plants in Xishui National Nature Reserve,the largest national nature reserve in Guizhou province,revealed the presence of 26 species of alien invasive plants belonging to 15 families and 24 genera.These plants are mainly distributed along the experimental area and the roadsides of the buffer zone.Human activities are the primary means of their spread,but they have not yet caused imbalance in the ecosystem.Based on the characteristics and ecological impacts of alien invasive plants,strategies and suggestions are proposed,including monitoring and early warning,publicity and training,control,and restoration.