人机协同学习:实践逻辑与典型模式

Human-Machine Collaborative Learning:Practical Logic and Typical Patterns

随着教育数字化转型的推进和生成式人工智能技术的发展,人机协同学习成为未来学习的新常态。人机协同学习主要通过学生和机器的分工和有机协同提升学习的效率和效能,促进学生智慧和机器智能的共同增长,实现人机协同的教育智慧创生,完成超越人类智慧和机器智能的复杂任务,促进学生的知识建构、认知发展、思维提升和智慧养成。人机协同学习需要以学习者的智慧增长为核心,重视人和机器之间的博弈与平衡,强化人机角色的辨识与动态调整,加强人与机器自主度的灵活转换。本研究围绕面向知识掌握的“干预—自主”式学习、面向知识建构的“协作—探究”式学习、面向知识创造的“对话—协商”式学习,提出人机协同学习的典型模式,勾勒了人机协同学习的实践样态。未来人机协同学习需要优化智能学习干预的模式与策略,提高学生的自主意识,加强人机协同学习模式的探索,探究人机协同学习的发生机制,以支撑和引领智能时代学习模式的创新发展。

With the advancement of digital transformation in education and rapid development of generative artificial intelligence,human-machine collaborative learning will become the new normal of future learning.Human-machine collaborative learning mainly improves the efficiency and effectiveness of learning through the reasonable division of labor and organic collaboration between students and machines.It also promotes the common growth of student intelligence and machine intelligence,realizes the creation of educational intelligence through human-machine collaboration,and solves complex tasks beyond human intelligence and machine intelligence.In addition,human-machine learning promotes student knowledge construction,cognitive development,thinking enhancement,and intelligence cultivation.The development of human-machine collaborative learning requires the growth of individual learner intelligence as the core,emphasizing the game and balance between humans and machines,and strengthening the identification and dynamic adjustment of human-machine roles,while enhancing the flexible transformation of autonomy between humans and machines.This study proposes a model of human-machine collaborative learning,focusing on"intervention autonomy"learning for knowledge mastery,"collaboration exploration"learning for knowledge construction,and"dialogue negotiation"learning for knowledge creation to outline the practical patterns of human-machine collaborative learning.The future development of human-machine collaborative learning needs to further optimize the mode and strategy of intelligent learning intervention,improve students'sense of autonomy,strengthen the exploration of human-machine collaborative learning mode,explore the mechanism of human-machine collaborative learning,and support the innovative development of learning mode in the intelligent era.