大学生生成式人工智能应用现状与思考——基于浙江大学的调查

Investigation of College Students’Generative Artificial Intelligence(GAI)Usage Status and its Implication:Taking Zhejiang University as an Example

本研究随机调查了1190位浙江大学本科生,通过描述统计、差异检验及事后多重比较等方法,分析大学生生成式人工智能的使用现状及影响因素。研究表明,约七成受访者表示熟悉生成式人工智能;三分之二的大学生使用生成式人工智能的时间在2022年12月-2023年6月间,四分之一的大学生开始使用生成式人工智能的时间是2023年7-11月;五分之一大学生表示会经常使用,七成大学生表示会偶尔使用;大学生使用最多的生成式人工智能工具是ChatGPT;使用最多的技术是文本生成技术;最常用的生成式人工智能功能包括文本生成和信息搜索;约六成大学生学过生成式人工智能的知识或技能;大学生使用生成式人工智能的四大典型场景(课程学习、科研活动、日常生活以及升学求职)中,科研活动是最常用生成式人工智能场景;性别、年级、专业大类等变量会不同程度影响大学生使用生成式人工智能;希望学校开设生成式人工智能相关课程/讲座是大学生提出最多的建议。基于调研结果,本研究从高教管理部门、公司机构、高校和教师等角度,提出未来高校使用生成式人工智能的建议,以期为生成式人工智能融入高等教育教学实践提供参考。

In this study,1190 undergraduate students from Zhejiang University were randomly invited to an online survey on college students’GAI uses and analyzed the possible influential factors through descriptive statistics,difference tests,and post-hoc multiple comparisons.The data analysis found that about 70%of the responders were familiar with GAI.Two thirds of them began to use GAI between December,2022 to June,2023,and another one fourth began to use generative AI during July to November,2023.According to the surveyed students,ChatGPT was the most used GAI tool,and the most used technology was text generation technology.About 20%of students used GAI frequently and about 70%of students indicated that they used GAI occasionally.The most commonly used functions of generative AI were text generation and information search.About 60%college students indicated that they had learned GAI-related knowledge or skills.Among the four typical scenarios in which college students use GAI(e.g.,course learning,research activities,daily life,and further education and job hunting),Scientific research activities were the most frequently used scenarios.Gender,grade,and major category had a significant impact on college students'GAI uses.The most common suggestion made by college students was to provide GAI-related courses/lectures.Based on the findings,the researchers suggest for better use of GAI in universities in the future from five perspectives,namely,higher education administration departments,companies,universities,and educators).