中国“水资源—能源—粮食”纽带关系的区域特征分析

Regional Characteristics of‘Water-Energy-Food’Nexus in China

在“水资源—能源—粮食”(WEF)纽带关系中,以资源在纽带关系中的被依赖程度来展现资源在区域WEF纽带中的重要性,以资源的紧缺度来展现资源对纽带的实际支撑能力,继而基于此2个维度构建了区域WEF纽带关系评价指标体系,运用聚类分析方法量化分析了2010—2021年间我国30省(市、区)WEF纽带关系的区域特征。结果表明:(1)北京、浙江、海南、甘肃、青海、宁夏六省(市、区)的WEF纽带均呈水能粮高依赖特征,其中北京水能粮三类资源的紧缺度均较高,浙江、海南、甘肃、青海四省的能源和粮食紧缺度较高,宁夏主要呈较高的水资源紧缺特征;(2)上海市3种资源的紧缺度以及水资源和能源在纽带中的被依赖程度均偏高;(3)天津、河北、山西、内蒙古、新疆等22个省(市、区)水资源紧缺度高,其中新疆地区水资源和粮食在纽带中的被依赖程度较高,其余省(市、区)能源对应被依赖程度均较高;(4)福建地区呈现出水资源和能源对粮食的高依赖特征,并且能源和粮食紧缺度高,最后并对各类型区域WEF纽带可持续发展提出因地制宜的建议。

In Water-Energy-Food(WEF)nexus,the importance of resources in regional WEF nexus is expressed in terms of their dependency in the nexus,and their scarcity in terms of their ability to support the nexus.The regional WEF nexus evaluation index system is constructed based on these two dimensions.The cluster analysis method was used to quantify the regional characteristics of WEF nexus in 30 provinces(municipalities and districts)from 2010 to 2021.The results show that:(1)Six provinces and municipalities,including Beijing,Zhejiang,Hainan,Gansu,Qinghai and Ningxia have high water,energy and food dependence in the WEF nexus,with high water,energy,and food scarcity in Beijing,high energy and food scarcity in Zhejiang,Hainan,Gansu and Qinghai,and high water scarcity in Ningxia.(2)Shanghai has a high degree of scarcity of all three types of resources,as well as a high degree of dependence on water resources and energy in the nexus.(3)Twenty-two provinces and municipalities,including Tianjin,Hebei,Shanxi,Inner Mongolia,and Xinjiang,have a high degree of scarcity of water resources,of which water resources and food in the nexus of the Xinjiang region have a high degree of dependence,and the energy of the remaining 21 provinces and municipalities corresponds to a high degree of dependence.(4)Fujian region shows high dependence of water resources and energy on food,and high energy and food scarcity.Based on the results of the research,proposals are made for the sustainable development of the WEF nexus in each type of region.