宣威市土地利用变化及其道路分布格局特征分析

Analysis of Land Use Change and Its Characteristics Relative to Road Distribution Pattern in Xuanwei City

研究西南高原山地土地利用的变化特征及相对道路空间配置的适宜性,对于促进研究区的土地优化治理有重要意义。从土地利用结构信息熵、转移矩阵、动态度、标准差椭圆、莫兰指数等角度分析了宣威市2000—2020年土地利用的变化特征,使用因子探测法解析了影响土地利用空间分布的驱动因素,并提出地块—道路聚集指数、地块—相对道路聚集指数,分析了各土地利用类型相对于道路要素的空间分异特征。结果表明:宣威市土地利用效率逐渐提高,各土地利用类型空间的自相关性较弱,建设用地的重心有明显移动,坡度、乡镇中心、道路对研究区土地利用空间的形成有主要驱动作用;建设用地紧密围绕道路且集中度较高,林地、草地相对于道路分布较为理想,耕地聚集指标较低,其整体分布格局需要进一步优化。本结论可为区域土地利用规划决策提供理论与应用参考。

Exploring the characteristics of land use change and the suitability of relative road space allocation in the southwest plateau mountainous area is of great significance to promote the optimal management of land.This paper analyzes the characteristics of land use change in Xuanwei City from 2000 to 2020 from the perspectives of information entropy of land use structure,transfer matrix,dynamic degree,standard deviational ellipse and Moran index,and uses functions of factor detection to analyze the driving factors affecting the spatial distribution of land use.Landmass-road clumping index and landmass-relative road clumping index are proposed to analyze the spatial differentiation characteristics of each land use type relative to road elements.The results show that the efficiency of land use in Xuanwei City has gradually increased.The spatial autocorrelation of various land use types is weak.The center of gravity of construction land has shifted obviously,and the slope,township center and road have the main driving effect on the formation of land use space in the study area.The construction land is closely attached to the road,and the concentration degree is high.The spatial distribution of forest land and grassland is more ideal than that of the road.The aggregation index of cultivated land is low,and the overall distribution pattern of cultivated land relative to the road needs to be further optimized.The methods and results of this study can provide theoretical and application reference for regional land use planning and decision-making.