基于二维磁性材料的自旋轨道力矩研究进展

Research progress of spin orbit torque of two-dimensional magnetic materials

信息技术的高速发展对信息处理与存储器件的性能提出了更高的要求.同时,随着器件尺寸不断减小,传统基于电子电荷属性的半导体器件面临热耗散和量子尺寸效应的难题与挑战,半导体技术也由此进入后摩尔时代.区别于传统基于电荷的电子器件,基于自旋属性的非易失性自旋电子器件不但具有较高的集成度、读写速度及读写次数,而且可有效避免热耗散,为信息存储、处理和通信等领域的发展构建了新的技术平台.近年来,二维材料凭借其独特的能带结构和丰富的物理性质而备受关注,特别是二维磁性材料体系在自旋电子学领域展现出极大的研究潜力和应用价值.本文首先介绍了二维材料常见制备方法,聚焦概述了二维磁性材料在自旋轨道电子学领域中的研究进展,最后对本领域研究进行了展望.

The rapid development of information technology has put forward higher requirements for the performance of information processing and storage devices.At the same time,with the continuous reduction of device size,traditional semiconductor devices based on electron charge properties face the problems and challenges of thermal dissipation and quantum size effect,and semiconductor technology has entered the post-molar era.Unlike traditional charge-based electronic devices,spin-based non-volatile spintronic devices not only have high integrated density,read and write speed and read and write time,but also can effectively avoid heat dissipation,establishing a new technical platform for developing the information storage,processing and communication.In recent years,two-dimensional materials have attracted a lot of attention due to their unique band structures and rich physical properties.Two-dimensional magnetic materials have shown great research and application potential in the field of spintronics.Compared with traditional block materials,the two-dimensional materials can provide great opportunities for exploring novel physical effects and ultra-low-power devices due to their atomic thickness,ultra-clean interface and flexible stacking.At the same time,with the rise of topological materials(TMs),their topological protected band structures,diversified crystal structures and symmetries,strong spin-orbit coupling and adjustable electrical conductivity provide an ideal physical research platform for studying spintronics.In this paper,we first introduce the common methods of preparing two-dimensional materials,then focus on the research progress of two-dimensional magnetic materials in the field of spin-orbit electronics,and finally look forward to the research challenges in this field.In the future,with continuous indepth research on the preparation,physical properties and device applications of two-dimensional magnetic materials,two-dimensional magnetic materials will show more extensive research prospects and application value in the field of spintronics.Two-dimensional magnetic materials will provide more material systems for spintronics development.