典型河湖治理经验及对长江流域生态保护的启示

Management experience of typical rivers and lakes and its enlightenment to ecologicalprotection of Changjiang River Basin

为做好长江生态环境修复保护工作,选取欧洲莱茵河、英国泰晤士河、韩国清溪川和美国奥基乔比湖4个具有典型特征的河湖作为案例,整理和归纳了这4个河湖的污染治理过程与对应的政治、经济、金融、法律相关的治理措施。针对长江流域生态治理中存在的同类问题,总结了这4个河湖在跨区域协同治理、跨部门统筹管理、健全法律体系、加强公众参与和商业运营等方面的经验,提出建立跨区域共同协商的流域水污染管理体制、强化不同部门之间的统筹管理机制、完善流域统一的环境保护法律体系、公共参与等措施和建议。研究成果可为协同长江的保护与发展、进一步提升长江流域的水生态环境质量提供参考。

In order to do a good job in the restoration and protection of the ecological environment of the Changjiang River,4 rivers and lakes with typical characteristics,namely,the Rhine in Europe,the Thames in Britain,the Cheonggyecheon Stream in South Korea and the Lake Okeechobee in the United States,were selected as cases.The process of pollution control and the corresponding political,economic,financial and legal control measures were sorted out and summarized.In view of the similar problems existing in the ecological governance of the Changjiang River Basin,the experiences of these four rivers and lakes in cross-regional collaborative governance,cross-sectoral overall-planning management,improving legal system,strengthening public participation and commercial operations were summarized.The suggestions were put forward for China s river and lake governance and ecological environment protection in the Changjiang River Basin to establish a cross-regional joint consultation system for water pollution management in river basins,strengthen the overall management mechanism among different departments,improve the unified environmental protection legal system in river basins,public participation and other measures.This paper is conducive to the coordinated protection and development of the Changjiang River and can further improve the water ecological environment quality of the Changjiang River Basin.