国产T800级碳纤维/聚酰亚胺复合材料耐环境性能研究

The Environmental Resistance of Domestic Carbon Fiber/Polyimide Composite Materials

选用新一代国产T800级碳纤维增强耐高温聚酰亚胺树脂预浸料,通过热压罐工艺制备聚酰亚胺复合材料。采用酸性盐雾、湿热环境对复合材料进行老化处理,研究复合材料的典型力学性能变化;另外,采用蒸馏水、航空燃油、航空润滑油、人工海水4种液体环境对复合材料进行常温1000 h浸泡处理,研究浸泡前后室温、280℃下复合材料力学性能的变化。结果表明:酸性盐雾处理对层间剪切性能影响明显,达13.4%,对其他力学性能影响均在5%以内;湿热处理未对力学性能造成明显损伤;4种液体环境浸泡处理后,蒸馏水、人工海水浸泡对常温层间剪切性能造成轻微损伤,性能下降约7%,高温面内剪切性能损伤不明显;常温层间剪切性能损伤较小,均在5%以内,高温层间剪切性能损伤增加,蒸馏水、人工海水浸泡后的损伤达到10%;常温开孔压缩性能损伤较小,在3%以内,高温开孔压缩性能损伤增加,蒸馏水、航空燃油、人工海水浸泡后的损伤超过10%。

A new generation of domestic T800 grade carbon fiber reinforced high-temperature resistant polyimide resin prepreg was selected to prepare the polyimide composite materials through the hot pressing tank process.Aging treatment of composite materials was carried out using acidic salt spray and humid hot environment to study the changes in typical mechanical properties of the composite materials.In addition,four liquid environments,including the distilled water,aviation fuel,aviation lubricating oil,and artificial seawater,were used to soak the composite material at room temperature for 1000 hours to study the changes in mechanical properties of the composite material at room temperature and 280℃before and after soaking respectively.The results showed that the effect of acid salt spray treatment on the layer shear performance reached 13.4%and the damage to other mechanical properties is within 5%.The humid and hot environment treatment causes no obvious damage to mechanical properties.After four kinds of liquid environment immersion,the distilled water and artificial seawater immersion caused slight damage to the shear performance of the normal temperature layer,and the performance decreased by about 7%.The high temperature in-plane shear performance damage is not obvious.The damage of shear performance between normal temperature layers is small,less than 5%,the damage of shear performance between high temperature layers is increased,and the damage of distilled water and artificial seawater reaches 10%.The damage of open compression at room temperature is less than 3%and the damage of high temperature open compression is increased,and the damage of distilled water,jet fuel and artificial seawater exceeds 10%.