郭守敬《授时历转神注式》新考

A New Study on Guo Shoujing's Shoushili Zhuanshen Zhushi

元代太史令郭守敬撰有《授时历转神注式》一书,流传过程中析分为《转神选择》、《上中下三历注式》二种,至明末已淹没不传。通过文献检索可以发现韩国首尔大学奎章阁藏有一册《转神法式》,此书当是《转神选择》的朝鲜刻本。又通过对序文、各册内容和体例的比较,判定今存明抄本《大统万年历》是明人改换《授时历转神注式》书名、内容而成的,保存了原书的框架结构和主要内容。《授时历转神注式》是元代官方颁定的注历书,结合出土的授时具注历残片,可以进一步确认该书的性质。

During the Yuan Dynasty,Guo Shoujing(郭守敬)wrote the Shoushili zhuanshen zhushi(授时历转神注式,Rotations of the Gods and Forms for Annotating Almanacs Based on the Season-Granting System).In the process of transmission,this was divided into Zhuanshen xuanze(转神选择,Selecting the Rotation God)and Shangzhongxia sanli zhushi(上中下三历注式,Forms for Annotating the Upper Middle and Lower Almanacs),but was lost at the end of Ming Dynasty.Through a literature search,we can find that Zhuanshen fashi(转神法式,Forms for the Methods of Rotations of the Gods)still exists in the Kyujanggak,SeoulNationalUniversity,which is a Korean woodblock copy of Zhuanshen xuanze.Based on the preface and a comparison of the content and style of each book,it was determined that the existing Ming copy of the Datong wannian li(大统万年历,Great Concordance Eternal System)was made by people during the Ming by changing the title and content of the Shoushili zhuanshen zhushi,while preserving the framework structure and main content of the original book.The Shoushili zhuanshen zhushi was the calendrical system approved and promulgated by Yuan Dynasty,and the nature of this book can be further confirmed by combining it with the excavated fragments of the Yuan dynasty's annotated Season Granting System.