直接电纺纤维海绵的制备及应用

Preparation and Application of Direct Electrospun Fibrous Sponges

静电纺丝纤维海绵是一种以一维纤维为构筑单元的蓬松三维(3D)材料,由于维度的增加,该材料具备许多比传统电纺薄膜更加突出的优点,在各领域都表现巨大的应用潜力。随着对电纺三维结构研究的深入,如何直接通过静电纺丝获取稳定的纤维海绵并提高其性能已成为当前面临的关键挑战。本文系统综述了近年来直接电纺制备纤维海绵的各种新策略,讨论了其内在机理、特点以及代表性的研究成果,总结了该材料在组织工程、环境治理、安全防护和智能设备等领域的应用现状,提出了其现阶段面临的一些挑战,展望了电纺海绵在未来的发展方向。

Electrospun fibrous sponge is a fluffy three-dimensional(3D)material based on one-dimensional fibers.The increase of dimension makes this material have many more prominent advantages than traditional electrospun films,so it has shown great application potential in various fields.With the in-depth study of the three-dimensional structure of electrospinning,it has become a current challenge to obtain stable fibrous sponges directly by electrospinning and improve their performance.In this paper,various new strategies for preparing fibrous sponges by direct electrospinning in recent years are reviewed in detail.Firstly,the mechanism,characteristics and representative research results of different methods are analyzed and summarized.Then the application status of this material in the fields of tissue engineering,environmental governance,safety protection and intelligent equipment is introduced.Finally,the future development trend of electrospinning fibrous sponge is prospected.