小青龙汤证“渴”与“不渴”探微

Analysis of the Symptoms of Thirst or Non-thirst in the Syndrome of Xiao Qinglong Decoction

《伤寒论》中第41条原文有小青龙汤证“不渴”“服汤已渴”以及第40条原文中有“或渴”的记载,似乎存在矛盾之处。该文基于中医基础理论中有关津液代谢及“渴”的产生机制,结合《金匮要略》中的相关条文及后世医家对小青龙汤证的认识,对小青龙汤证的“渴”与“不渴”问题进行分析与阐述,提出以下观点:小青龙汤证“不渴”当属符合病机的主症,是为“病不渴”;“服汤已,渴”属生理性口渴范畴,是为“药渴”;“或渴”当与热病津伤、病涉阳明有关。剖析小青龙汤证的“渴”与“不渴”的病症表现,既可用于判断疗效,亦是加减用药与鉴别其他疾病的指征,可为中医临床运用小青龙汤及提高其临床疗效提供参考。

There seems to be a contradiction among the symptoms of“non-thirst”and“thirst after oral use of the decoction”stated in original text 41 of Shang Han Lun(Treatise on Febrile Diseases)and the symptom of“probable thirst”stated in original text 40.In this article,the symptoms of thirst or non-thirst in the syndrome of Xiao Qinglong Decoction were expounded through the analysis of the basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine about body fluid metabolism and the pathogenic mechanism of thirst,and by synthesizing the relevant articles recorded in Jin Gui Yao Lve(Synopsis of the Golden Chamber)and the understanding of the syndrome of Xiao Qinglong Decoction by later generations of practitioners.After that,the following views are put forward:non-thirst symptom is the primary sympton of the syndrome of Xiao Qinglong Decoction,which results from the disease;thirst after oral use of the decoction is due to drug-induced thirst,which can be classified into the category of physiological thirst;probable thirst symptom is related with fluid consumption by febrile disease,indicating that the disease involves yangming.The analysis of the symptoms of thirst or non-thirst in the syndrome of Xiao Qinglong Decoction is helpful for evaluation of therapeutic efficacy,and can also be used as the indications of modified medications and differential diagnosis of the disease.The exploration will provide references for the clinical use of Xiao Qinglong Decoction and will be beneficial to improving the clinical efficacy of Xiao Qinglong Decoction.