日本桥梁施工工艺技术

Advances in Bridge Construction Techniques in Japan

针对桥梁结构特点和现场施工条件,日本桥梁技术人员在桥梁施工工艺技术方面做了一些有益的尝试。鹫见桥Ⅱ期工程最高墩高125 m,采用预先在工厂制作部分预制构件的方法,加快了施工进度;Ⅱ期、Ⅰ期工程桥梁间距仅50 cm,为避免Ⅱ期工程施工对Ⅰ期工程运营造成影响,采用了智能预警监控系统。日见梦大桥桥塔端斜拉索采用钢锚箱锚固,塔柱混凝土浇筑采用透明模板监控混凝土浇筑质量。杨梅山高架桥支点梁段采用分层浇筑以及钢筋部品化预制安装等施工工艺,缩短了工期。思惟花笑大桥为主跨150 m的连续刚构桥,最高墩高93 m,箱梁腹板与底板相交处钢筋密集,为确保混凝土填充密实,采用混凝土填充模拟系统确定最佳浇筑方法;该桥跨度大、墩身高,混凝土泵送距离长,通过多项混凝土工艺试验,提高了长距离泵送悬臂浇筑施工质量;采用新研发的三眼照相机对钢筋绑扎质量进行检测,实现了钢筋检测作业自动化。

This study presents the engineering practices of several bridges to introduce the attempts of Japanese bridge engineers to advance bridge construction techniques,in a bid to better accommodate the structural characteristics and site environments of a particular bridge.The Sumi Bridge(phase-Ⅱ)involves piers that stand 125 m,the application of a number of prefabricated components stepped up the construction.Additionally,an intelligent warning and monitoring system was installed to prevent the disturbance of the construction of the phaseⅡstructure to the operation of the existing phaseⅠstructure,since the two are just spaced 50 m.In the Yobaisan Viaduct,the sections of main girder over the top of the piers were cast in situ in layers,and finished reinforcement was used,which contributed to the shortened construction time.In the Himiyume Bridge,the stay cables are anchored to the pylon via steel anchor boxes,and transparent formwork was utilized in concrete pylon construction to ease the concrete quality monitoring.The Shiino Hanaemi Ohashi Bridge is a continuous rigid-frame bridge with a main span of 150 m,the highest pier rises 93 m and dense reinforcement is placed at the connections of webs and soffit of the box girder.To ensure the concrete pouring quality,a simulation system was built to make ideal pouring schemes.Multiple concrete pouring tests were conducted to improve the long-distance concrete pumping quality for the cantilever construction.Tri-lens stereo cameras were used to detect the binding quality of reinforcement,achieving the automated reinforcement detection.