雨水管网混接入渗诊断技术研究进展

Review on diagnostic technologies of illicit discharge and groundwater infiltration in the storm drainage network

雨水管网是缓解城市内涝、改善水环境质量的重要市政基础设施,受管材老化腐蚀和施工过程不当等影响,我国城市雨水管网建成后普遍存在地下水入渗和污水混接问题,制约着雨水管网功能高效发挥。排水管网入流入渗诊断技术可为雨水管网混接入渗问题的识别和定位提供支持。综述了排水管网入流入渗诊断技术(物探检测技术、流量分析技术、特征因子分析技术、水动力反演模型技术)的基本原理、研究进展、应用特征等,对比分析了不同技术应用于雨水管网混接入渗诊断的适用性、实施要点、诊断水平和发展阶段等,并提出未来雨水管网混接入渗诊断技术的发展方向。结果表明:1)特征因子分析技术可在不干扰雨水管网正常运行条件下识别和量化混接入渗问题、提供治理优先级,因此经济和环境效益显著;2)光纤分布式测温(FDTS)技术和水动力模型反演技术在无干扰定位雨水管网混接入渗方面优势显著,前者易于实施且定位精准度高,后者具有成本低且可评级混接入渗等级特点,可根据场景特征因地制宜选用;3)未来雨水管网混接入渗诊断技术将朝着低成本、无干扰、可量化、可定位的方向发展。通过评估不同技术在当前和未来的综合应用效果,明确了单一诊断技术难以具备未来预期特征,而特征因子分析技术耦合FDTS技术或水动力模型反演技术的分级诊断体系具有实现未来技术发展目标的优势潜力。研究可为雨水管网混接入渗诊断技术的科学应用和优化创新提供参考。

Stormwater network is an important municipal infrastructure to mitigate urban waterlogging and improve water environmental quality.Owing to the aging and corrosion,and improper construction of pipes,and so on,the urban stormwater network after construction in China often confronts the challenges of illicit discharge and groundwater infiltration,which restricts the efficient functioning of stormwater network.Technologies of diagnosing inflow and infiltration into drainage system can provide important support to identify and locate the illicit discharge and groundwater infiltration of stormwater network.The basic principles,research processes and applicable characteristics of the diagnostic technologies for inflow and infiltration into drainage networks(including geophysical detection,flow analysis,tracer parameter analysis,and hydrodynamic inversion model technologies)were reviewed,and then the practicalities,the key points of application,diagnostic levels,and development stages of these technologies were analyzed and compared.According to this,the future development trend of diagnostic technologies was proposed.The results showed that:1)The tracer parameter analysis technology could identify and quantify the illicit discharge and groundwater infiltration without interfering with the normal operation of stormwater network,and provide retrofit priorities,resulting in significant economic and environmental benefits.2)The fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing(FDTS)technology and hydrodynamic inversion model technology had outstanding advantages in non-interference locating of the illicit discharge and groundwater infiltration into stormwater network.The former was easy to implement and had high locating accuracy,while the latter had the characteristics of low cost and could be used to evaluate the levels of illicit discharge and groundwater infiltration.These two technologies could be selected according to local conditions.3)The future development trend of diagnostic technology would be towards low-cost,non-interference,quantifiable,and locatable direction.By evaluating the comprehensive application effects of different technologies in the current and future,it was found that single diagnostic technology was difficult to possess the desired characteristics,while a hierarchical diagnostic system based on tracer parameter analysis technology coupled with FDTS technology or hydrodynamic inversion model technology had the advantage potential of achieving the future development goal.This study could provide references to carry out scientific application and optimization innovation of diagnostic technologies.