基于知识图谱的三维设计成果自动合规性检查方法

A Method for Automated Compliance Check for 3D Design Result Based on Knowledge Graph

为保证公路工程建筑信息模型(BIM)符合设计规范要求,提高公路设计成果合规性检查的自动化水平,依靠合规性检查在工程领域中的应用情况,结合知识图谱技术,提出了以公路工程BIM为检查对象的公路三维设计成果自动合规性检查系统框架。首先,以公路设计规范为基础,通过规范数据预处理、信息抽取及图谱生成构建等工作,采用七步法探索了公路设计知识图谱构建的方法。随后,基于BIM技术标准规定的IFC数据存储标准,研究了公路设计知识图谱网络的BIM数据分类针对性提取方法,为合规性检查提供数据基础。最后,通过对公路设计知识图谱的知识架构和BIM数据的结构研究,建立了合规性检查规则和模型数据的映射关系,提出了针对公路工程BIM与合规性检查规则的匹配算法。同时通过自然语言处理(NLP)技术和语义匹配相结合的方法,在公路设计知识图谱的基础上进一步探索了公路设计自动问答的实践方法。基于上述理论框架的研究,设计开发了公路三维设计成果自动合规性检查系统,通过实际案例对系统的可行性与准确性进行了验证。结果表明:公路三维设计成果自动合规性检查系统能为公路三维设计成果的合规性检查提供方法参考,对提升公路设计成果合规性检查的质量、效率与准确性具有重要意义,同时对该系统在国内的后续应用挑战以及更新与维护提出了相应思考。

In order to ensure that the building information model(BIM)of highway engineering conforms to the requirement of design specifications,and to improve the automation level of highway design result compliance check,the application of the compliance check in the engineering field is relied on,based on the knowledge graph technology,the framework of automated compliance check system for highway 3D design result is proposed.First,based on the highway design specifications,through the work of data preprocessing,information extraction and graph generation,the seven-step method is used to explore the method for road design knowledge graph construction.Then,based on the IFC data storage standard of BIM technical standard,the method of BIM data classification and pertinence extraction for road design knowledge graph network are studied.Finally,by studying the knowledge structure of road design knowledge graph and the structure of BIM data,the mapping relationship between the compliance check rules and the model data is established,the matching algorithm of BIM and compliance check rules for highway engineering is proposed.At the same time,through the combination of natural language processing(NLP)technology and semantic matching,the practical method of automated question answering in highway design is further explored on the basis of highway design knowledge atlas.Based on the above theoretical framework,an automated compliance check system for highway 3D design result is designed and developed.The feasibility and accuracy of the system are verified by a practical case.The result shows that the automated compliance check system of highway 3D design result can provide the method reference for the compliance check of highway 3D design result,it is of great significance to improve the quality,efficiency and accuracy of the highway design result compliance check,and it also puts forward some thoughts on the follow-up application challenge,renewal and maintenance of the system in China.