2017—2021年河南省平顶山市丙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

Epidemic characteristics of hepatitis C in Pingdingshan City,Henan Province,2017-2021

目的分析2017—2021年河南省平顶山市丙型病毒性肝炎(简称丙肝)的流行特征,为制定消除丙肝措施提供科学依据。方法收集传染病报告信息管理系统中丙肝报告病例的数据,采用描述性流行病学方法分析丙肝流行分布特征。结果2017—2021年平顶山市共报告丙肝2843例,确诊病例1618例(56.91%),年均报告发病率为14.06/10万,整体发病数和发病率呈现先上升后下降趋势。全市丙肝发病男女性别比为1.25∶1,发病无明显季节特征,城区发病率(16.22/10万)略高于郊县(14.27/10万)。病例主要集中在40岁以上中老年人群(89.69%),职业分布以农民为主(63.14%)。结论平顶山市丙肝发病有较明显的人群、空间分布特点。广大农村地区是重点地区,农民和40岁以上人群是重点人群,需要通过健康教育和干预来遏制丙肝的传播。

Objective To analyze the epidemic features of viral hepatitis C(hepatitis C for short)in Pingdingshan City,Henan Province from 2017 to 2021,and to provide a scientific basis for developing measures to eliminate hepatitis C.Methods We collected the data regarding the reported cases of hepatitis C in the Information Management System for Infectious Disease Reporting,and analyzed the prevalence and distribution characteristics of hepatitis C by using descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 2,843 cases of hepatitis C were reported in Pingdingshan City from 2017 to 2021,with 1,618 confirmed cases(56.91%)and the average annual incidence rate being 14.06/100,000.The total number of cases and the incidence rate showed a trend of rising first and then falling.The male to female ratio of hepatitis C incidence in the city was 1.25∶1.No obvious seasonal characteristics were observed.The incidence rate of hepatitis C was slightly higher in urban areas than in suburban counties(16.22/100,000 vs.14.27/100,000).The cases were mainly concentrated in middle-aged and elderly people over 40 years old(89.69%),and the occupation distribution was mainly farmers(63.14%).Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis C in Pingdingshan City has obvious population and spatial distribution characteristics.The vast rural areas are key areas,and farmers and people over 40 years old are key groups.Health education and interventions are needed to curb the spread of hepatitis C.