贵安新区孕产妇母婴健康素养影响因素的结构方程模型分析

Analysis of the factors influencing maternal and infant health literacy among pregnant and lying-in women in Guian New District based on structural equation model

目的了解贵安新区孕产妇母婴健康素养水平,用结构方程模型分析孕产妇母婴健康素养影响因素作用路径及大小。方法采用单因素分析孕产妇母婴健康素养影响的观测变量,使用R语言建立结构方程模型分析各影响因子间的作用方式。结果贵安新区孕产妇母婴健康素养水平为29.01%,健康素养总体(35.97±5.32)分,三个维度分别为基本知识和理念(20.00±3.36)分、健康生活方式与行为(11.09±2.01)分、基本技能(4.89±1.57)分。单因素分析显示年龄、户籍等11个因素对孕产妇母婴健康素养评分产生影响,孕产妇随着年龄和产次的增加、家庭收入高以及文化程度的提升,母婴健康素养及3个维度的得分相应提高(P<0.05)。对贵安新区孕产妇母婴健康素养影响效应最大的是社会地位因子中的文化程度(0.19),其后分别是母子手册教育(0.15)、职业情况(0.11);孕产妇健康素养三个维度的得分存在相互作用,基本知识和理念可直接作用于基本技能(0.30)和健康生活方式与行为(0.25),基本技能直接作用于健康生活方式与行为(0.21)。结论贵安新区孕产妇母婴健康素养影响因素较多,社会地位因子影响效应最大,针对性地开展健康教育能有效提高孕产妇的母婴健康素养。

Objective To understand the maternal and infant health literacy level of pregnant and lying-in women in Guian New District,and to analyze the path and size of factors influencing maternal and infant health literacy in pregnant and lying-in women by using a structural equation model.Methods Univariate analysis was used to analyze the observed variables influencing maternal and infant health literacy in pregnant and lying-in women,and the R language was applied to establishing a structural equation model to analyze the mode of action among various influencing factors.ResultsThe maternal and infant health literacy level of pregnant and lying-in women in Guian New District was 29.01%,and the overall health literacy score was(35.97±5.32)points.The three dimensions were basic knowledge and concept((20.00±3.36)points),healthy lifestyle and behavior((11.09±2.01)points)and basic skills((4.89±1.57)points).Univariate analysis revealed that eleven factors like age and household registration had impacts on the scores of maternal and infant health literacy.With the increase of maternal age and delivery times,high family income and the improvement of education level,the scores of maternal and infant health literacy and the three dimensions increased correspondingly(P<0.05).The most influential effect on maternal and infant health literacy of pregnant and lying-in women in Guian New District was educational level in the social status factor(0.19),followed by mother and child handbook education(0.15)and occupational status(0.11).The scores of the three dimensions of maternal health literacy were mutually influenced.Basic knowledge and concepts could directly affect basic skills(0.30)and healthy lifestyle and behavior(0.25),and basic skills directly affected healthy lifestyle and behavior(0.21C).onclusionThere are many factors influencing maternal and infant health literacy of pregnant and lying-in women in Guian New District,and the most influential factor is social status.Implementing targeted health education can effectively improve maternal and infant health literacy of pregnant and lying-in women.