压力敏感涂料技术在涡轮叶片和平面叶栅中的应用进展

Progress in Application of Pressure-Sensitive Paint Technology in Turbine Blades and Cascades

由于传统压力测量技术难以实现涡轮叶片表面压力分布的连续监测,因此,开发新型测量技术变得尤为迫切。压力敏感涂料作为一种非接触式的光学表面压力测量技术,其以低成本、高空间分辨率、全域测量能力以及对气动流场影响小的显著优点,已经成为压力测量领域的一个研究热点。本文从实验装置设计、测量结果分析等多个维度,详细介绍了压力敏感涂料技术在涡轮叶片和平面叶栅压力测量中的应用现状,深入讨论了实验设备参数选择、测量布局优化等关键问题。同时,结合国内外的研究与应用案例,探讨了压力敏感涂料技术在叶片表面压力测量领域所遇到的挑战和发展前景。

The functional parameter of pneumatic component is directly affected by aerodynamic performance.Turbine blade is an important component of advanced turbomachinery.Measurement of surface pressure on turbine blade is one of the most important parameters.With the gradual improvement of turbomachinery performance parameter,the need for precise measurement of blade surface pressure is becoming increasingly urgent.The pressure-sensitive paint(PSP)is a new technology for measuring the blade surface pressure,which is different from the traditional pressure measuring method by opening static pressure hole on blade surface.It has significant advantages such as non-contact,high spatial resolution and full field measurement.It has become a hot research direction in the field of pressure measurement.The PSP technology has greatly promoted the rapid development of aerospace,turbomachinery and other fields.It shows great potential in optimizing the design of aircraft and rotating blade.The application progress of PSP technology in turbine blade and cascade was reviewed.In the application of turbine blade,PSP was divided into silica gel particle mixed type,sol gel type and porous polymer/ceramic type.In the application of cascade,PSP was divided into Binary Unicoat,self-developed fluorescent type,Binary FIB,and mesoporous particle mixed type.The measurement layout scheme,image acquisition equipment,lighting source device,spray thickness of PSP,pressure sensitivity and temperature sensitivity of PSP were introduced separately for different experiments.The measurement result of PSP technology in turbine blade and cascade was also analyzed.Finally,a detailed summary was provided on the parameters such as the type and spray thickness of PSP in the measurement system,the number and pixels of image acquisition equipment,and the number and type of lighting source device.Through a review of relevant applications at home and abroad,the difficulties and challenges faced by PSP technology in blade surface pressure measurement were discussed.Actively develop a new type of PSP for high-temperature environment assessment.When using PSP technology for global surface pressure measurement in turbine blade and cascade,the surface temperature of the blade is not high.Therefore,in order to broaden the application range of PSP technology in this field of high working condition and other fields,it is necessary to increase the use temperature of PSP.In addition,with the increase of ambient temperature,PSP shows a decreasing trend in pressure sensitivity.This reduces the measurement accuracy in high-temperature environment and even makes it difficult to accurately evaluate.Therefore,it is also very important to improve the sensitivity of PSP under high-temperature environment without falling off and maintaining the integrity of the spray.Deepen the exploration of high-precision acquisition and measurement correction algorithm.The measurement accuracy of PSP is greatly affected by interference light source and temperature.In order to reduce their interference with measurement result,on the one hand,the interference of lighting and other light source to the image acquisition should be considered,and the interference light source radiation correction algorithm should be developed.On the other hand,the influence of blade surface and air flow temperature on the measurement result should be considered,and a high-precision temperature correction algorithm should be explored.To optimize the construction of multiple experimental schemes to meet the testing needs of different devices.When using PSP technology to measure the overall pressure on the blade surface,the experimental scheme should be selected and developed based on the size,structural layout and testing purpose of the tested device.The use of PSP often involves high temperature,high pressure,and high-speed rotation.Therefore,building different experimental schemes for application in key scenario for multiple fields is worth in-depth research.