氮肥优化对凤头姜产量和养分吸收利用的影响

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer optimization on yield and nutrient absorption and utilization of Fengtou ginger

通过2年田间试验,研究了来凤县凤头姜最佳施氮量及优化施肥对凤头姜产量和养分吸收利用的影响。结果表明,随着施氮量的增加,凤头姜产量、干物质量和氮素累积量均呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,且以450~495 kg/hm2施氮量为最佳。不同施氮量对凤头姜氮素利用效率和氮素农学利用率的影响不显著,但是增加施氮量却降低了氮肥偏生产力。与常规施肥(CF)相比,专用肥(SF)和缓控释肥(SRF)处理凤头姜产量分别增加了25.23%和13.96%,专用肥能够获得更高的干物质量和氮素累积量。较常规施肥而言,专用肥处理氮素利用效率、氮素农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力分别增加了19.33%、62.58%和25.23%,而缓控释肥处理则分别增加了13.33%、34.66%和13.96%。

A 2-year field experiment was carried out to study the effects of nitrogen application rate and optimized fertilization on the yield and nutrient absorption and utilization of Fengtou ginger in Laifeng County.The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application rate,the yield,dry matter quality,and nitrogen accumulation of Fengtou ginger showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the optimal nitrogen application rate was 450~495 kg/hm2.The effects of different nitrogen application rates on nitro⁃gen utilization efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer agronomic utilization efficiency of Fengtou ginger were not significant,but increasing nitrogen application rates reduced nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity.Compared with conventional fertilization(CF),specialized fertilizer(SF)and slow-release fertilizer(SRF)treatments increased the yield of Fengtou ginger by 25.23%and 13.96%,respectively.Specialized fertilizer could achieve higher dry matter quality and nitrogen accumulation.Compared to conventional fertilization,the ni⁃trogen utilization efficiency,nitrogen agronomic utilization efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity of the specialized fertilizer treat⁃ment increased by 19.33%,62.58%and 25.23%,respectively,while those of the slow-release fertilizer treatment increased by 13.33%,34.66%and 13.96%,respectively.