算法赋能政府规制:逻辑、限度与发展方向

Algorithmic Enabling Government Regulation:Logic,Limits and Development Directions

在算法治理时代,算法既是需要规制的对象,也是赋能政府规制以实现更好规制的治理工具。社会高度计算化和算法的规则属性给予了算法赋能的技术逻辑,数字化转型引致的规制困境和私人算法滥用奠定了算法赋能的现实逻辑,提升规制效能增进民生福祉形塑了算法赋能的价值逻辑。但是,算法运行本身存在的内在局限,以及规制者能力不足或不当运用,导致算法赋能政府规制存在着复杂性难以化约、被动规制俘获、规制权力泛化、可问责性和算法偏差等限度。发挥算法赋能政府规制的积极作用,促进算法与政府规制融合发展,必须坚持规制者的主体地位,完善政府规制的体制机制,强化制度建设,保障算法在可控和可信赖的轨道上运行。

In the era of algorithm governance,algorithm is not only the object to be regulated,but also can be used as a governance tool to enable the government regulation,so as to achieve better regulation.The highly computerized society and the rule attribute of algorithm provide the technical logic of algorithm empowerment.The regulation dilemma caused by digital transformation and the abuse of private algorithm lay the realistic logic of algorithm empowerment.The value logic of algorithm empowerment is shaped by the improvement of regulation efficiency and the improvement of peoples well-being.However,due to inherent limitations in the operation of algorithms,as well as the insufficient capacity or improper application of the regulators,the algorithm-enabled government regulation has limitations such as complexity,passive regulation capture,generalization of regulatory power,accountability,and algorithm deviation.To give full play to the empowering role of algorithm in the government regulation and promote the integrated development of algorithm and government regulation,we must adhere to the principal position of the regulator,improve the system mechanism of government regulation,and strengthen the institution construction to ensure that algorithm runs in a controllable and reliable track.