基于“伙伴-资源”组合的联盟组合重构诱因研究

Research on Antecedents of Alliance Portfolio Reconfiguration Based on Partner-Resource Combination

企业利用联盟组合的协同效应,能够获得超过单一联盟累加所创造的价值总和,然而联盟组合并不是一成不变的,其会在企业内外部权变因素影响下实现联盟组合的重构。在已有研究较多关注外部环境因素的基础上,本研究立足行为视角,聚焦企业内部影响联盟组合重构的“行为启发器”诱因,以及领导班子群体断裂带的边界约束作用。利用创业板上市公司联盟数据的实证研究发现,处于绩效顺差的企业倾向于采取“新资源—旧伙伴”的重构方式,处于绩效逆差的企业倾向于采取“新伙伴—旧资源”的重构方式;进一步地,领导班子群体断裂带强度负向调节绩效差距影响联盟组合重构的作用。研究拓展了对联盟组合重构诱因的探索,丰富了对企业行为理论视角下行为启发器因素驱动联盟组合重构的理论阐释。

The increasingly competitive external environment has prompted enterprises to improve their resource integration capabilities,and as a result,more and more enterprises tend to acquire external resources by constructing alliance portfolios and utilising synergies across alliances to capture more value than that created by the accumulation of a single alliance.However,alliance portfolios are not static;they are subject to reconfiguration in response to changes in internal and external variables.Alliance portfolio reconfiguration refers to the ability of firms to integrate,reconfigurate and reorganise their internal and external partners or resources in order to cope with rapidly changing environments,i.e.,firms reshape the reconfiguration of their alliance portfolios by continuously searching for new partners and acquiring new resources.Existing research on alliance portfolio reconfiguration has actively explored the triggers of alliance portfolio reconfiguration mainly at the levels of external environmental shocks and firms,i.e.,they actively adjust their alliance portfolio types in response to changes in internal and external factors.Although the above studies provide useful evidence on the causal factors of alliance portfolio reconfiguration,there are still two shortcomings:overemphasis on the influence of external environmental factors,neglect of the dominance of firms’decision-making alliance portfolio reconfiguration,and over-estimation of managerial rationality.Therefore,there is an urgent need to integrate performance evaluation,organisational search and decision-making based on the perspective of corporate behaviour,to evaluate organisational behaviour and corporate performance feedback,so as to analyse the impact of performance gaps based on performance evaluation with the role of“behavioural heuristic”on the reconfiguration of alliance portfolios.Based on this,this paper constructs the basic information of the research object in the time dimension through the“Growth Enter-prise Market listed company alliance database”created by the mentor team and the secondary data coding as the basic structure,which identifies the alliance portfolios constructed by Growth Enterprise Market listed companies in each year since the listing,in-cluding the information of partners and resources,and forms the following data panel data with year as the observation period.This data is used to empirically test the relationship between the difference between firms’actual and expected performance and alliance portfolio reconfiguration,and further,to explore the role of boundary constraints of faultline of new venture team in the process of performance gap affecting alliance portfolio reconfiguration.The empirical study found that,firstly,above-aspiration performance motivates a firm to form alliances with existing partners but outside the resource scope of existing alliance portfolio.Conversely,below-aspiration performance leads to new alliances with novel partners within the resource scope of existing alliance portfolio.This effect is weakened by faultline of new venture team.The findings of this paper mainly contribute to reconfigurate a theoretical explanation of alliance reconfiguration from the dual perspectives of partners and resources,and analysing the causal factors of alliance reconfiguration,expanding the study of alliance reconfiguration based on the static configuration of alliance reconfiguration,and enriching the exploration of the causal factors of alliance reconfiguration dynamics.Based on the limited rationality of managers rather than the logic of value maximisation,this paper enriches the discussion of alliance portfolio reconfiguration from the behavioural perspective,and proposes the role of the per-formance gap as a“behavioural heuristic”,which expands the research context of the theory of corporate behaviour,and also enriches the theoretical explanation of alliance portfolio reconfiguration from the behavioural perspective.Further,this paper explores the moderating effect of faultline of new venture team on the causal mechanism of alliance reconfiguration from the perspective of the decision makers of alliance reconfiguration,which is helpful to enrich the discussion of the theoretical application of alliance recon-figuration driven by behavioural causal factors.