为更新而租地——重新审视政府主导型租地更新模式

Renting Land for Urban Regeneration:Reconsidering the Renewal Model of Government-Led Land Lease

面对外部产业转移和内部要素价格上涨的压力,以城乡二元结构为背景的工业化已经难以适应高质量发展需求,面临转型发展的巨大挑战。作为工业化的主要空间载体,集体土地上旧厂房的改造成为释放产业空间的重要途径。在总结现有模式基础上,围绕土地产权构建分析框架,刻画旧厂房改造过程中各主体的权责关系,提出了政府租地更新的新模式,并以F市H科技城改造为例进行了案例研究。这一模式中政府成立公有性质的企业向村集体租地进行土地再开发,以土地租金的形式对村集体和村民进行补偿。租赁期满后,土地上的所有财产将全部返还给村民,实现政府、投资者和村民的多赢。跟以往模式相比,租地更新模式既保证了资本的正常运行,又发挥了各自的优势和特点,核心是低成本实现了土地产权正规化,提高了土地产权的实现度。

Facing the pressure of external industrial transfer and rising internal factor prices,the dual urban-rural system as an institutional background for industrialization has become increasingly inadequate to meet the demands of high-quality development,posing significant challenges for transformation and development.As the main carrier of industrialization,the transformation of old factory buildings on collectively owned land has become an important approach to releasing industrial space.Building upon existing models and focusing on land property rights,an analytical framework is constructed to depict the rights and responsibilities of different entities in the process of transforming old factory buildings.A new model of government-led land lease renewal is proposed,and a case study is conducted using the transformation of H Science and Technology City in F City as an example.In this model,the government establishes state-owned enterprises to lease land from village collectives for land redevelopment,and compensates the village collectives and villagers in the form of land rent.Upon the expiration of the lease term,all the assets on the land are returned to the villagers,achieving a win-win situation for the government,investors,and villagers.Compared to previous models,the land lease renewal model ensures the normal operation of capital while leveraging their respective advantages and characteristics.The core of this model lies in achieving the formalization of land property rights at a low cost,thereby enhancing the realization of land property rights.