数字经济与大气PM_(2.5)环境效率的影响关系探索——基于浙江省11个地级市的实证分析

Exploration on the Relationship Between Digital Economy and Atmospheric PM_(2.5) Environmental Efficiency——Based on Empirical Analysis of 11 Cities in Zhejiang Province

数字经济与环境治理效率提升是关乎新时代经济高质量发展的重要手段。基于浙江省11个城市2006-2019年的面板数据,首先运用非期望产出SBM-DEA模型测度了PM_(2.5)的环境效率,进而利用面板固定效应模型、双重差分法等多维度实证检验了数字经济等社会因素对城市PM_(2.5)的环境效率的影响机理。结果发现:(1)研究期内浙江省的PM_(2.5)格局呈现浓度不断降低、环境质量不断改善的特征;杭州、嘉兴和绍兴等城市PM_(2.5)污染相对较为严重;(2)研究期内浙江省整体PM_(2.5)环境效率的平均值为0.6430,距离生产前沿面还有较大的改进空间,并且各个城市的整体PM_(2.5)环境效率呈现了一定的波动增长趋势;PM_(2.5)环境效率较高的城市主要是舟山、杭州、宁波;(3)数字经济发展是PM_(2.5)环境效率变化的格兰杰原因,研究期内数字经济发展水平对城市PM_(2.5)环境效率具有显著的促进作用,并通过了稳健性检验。同时,污染控制水平和科技创新水平也有显著的正向影响,相比之下,工业产值比重越高对PM_(2.5)环境效率具有一定的负向作用。未来,可以加快发展数字经济,提高政府污染治理的高效性;依托创新技术进步,提升PM_(2.5)治理的技术效率。

Improving digital economy and environmental governance efficiency are important means for high-quality economic development in the new era.Based on the panel data of 11 cities in Zhejiang Province during 2006-2019,the PM_(2.5 )environmental efficiency was measured by the undesirable output SBM-DEA model.Fixed effect regression model,difference in difference model and other empirical methods were obtained to test the influence mechanism of social-economic factors on the PM_(2.5 )environmental efficiency.The results showed that:(1) The overall average value of PM_(2.5) environmental efficiency in Zhejiang Province is 0.6430 in observation period.Compared to the production frontier,there is still much room for improvement.Also,PM_(2.5 )environmental efficiency in each city showed fluctuated growth trend.Cities with higher PM_(2.5) environmental efficiency are mainly Zhoushan,Hangzhou and Ningbo.(2) The average PM_(2.5) environmental total factor productivity of Zhejiang province is 1.0492,and the PM_(2.5) governance efficiency of Hangzhou Bay urban agglomeration is more significant.Technological progress is the key driving factor for the improvement of PM_(2.5) environmental dynamic efficiency.(3) The development of digital economy is the Granger reason for the change of PM_(2.5 )environmental efficiency.Digital economy has a positive role in promoting the environmental efficiency of urban PM_(2.5) in observation period,which is statistically significant.Also,level of pollution control and technological innovation also have a significant positive impact.However,ratio of industrial output value to GDP has a negative effect on the PM_(2.5 )environmental efficiency.In the future,it is suggested to accelerate the development of the digital economy in order to improve the efficiency of government pollution control;Also,it is suggested to improve the technical efficiency of PM_(2.5) via innovative technological progress.