静脉血栓栓塞症患者主要照顾者照顾感受及需求的质性研究

Caring Experience and Needs of Primary Caregivers of Patients with Venous Thromboembolism:A Qualitative Study

目的了解静脉血栓栓塞症(venous thromboembolism,VTE)患者主要照顾者的照顾感受及需求,为该类患者制订支持性的照护策略和服务模式提供参考和依据。方法采用半结构深度访谈法对13例VTE患者的主要照顾者进行访谈,并用Colaizzi 7步分析法进行资料分析。结果总结出3个主题、9个亚主题:正性的情感体验(角色功能强化、自我成长增强、心理弹性提升)、负性的情绪体验(多重压力下焦虑、能力不足的自责、角色冲突不适应)、支持性照护需求(教育支持、情感支持、社会支持)。结论VTE照顾者在照护过程中承受着身体疲劳、知识欠缺、心理、经济等多重压力护理人员,需要重视其情绪变化,多关注照顾者需求,从而提高照护质量,降低照护负担。

Objective To understand the caring experience and needs of the primary caregivers of patients with venous thromboembolism(VTE)and to provide reference and basis for developing supportive care strategies and service models for these patients.Methods The primary caregivers of 13 VTE patients were selected for semi-structured in-depth interviews.The Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was used for analysis.Results Three themes and nine sub-themes were extracted:positive emotional experience(enhanced role functioning,enhanced self-growth,enhanced psychological resilience),negative emotional experience(anxiety under multiple stressors,self-blame for lack of ability,unadaptability to role conflict),and supportive care needs(educational support,emotional support,social support).Conclusions VTE caregivers are under multiple pressures such as physical fatigue,lack of knowledge,and psychological and financial pressures during the caring process.Attention should be paid to their emotional changes and the needs of caregivers,so the quality of care can be improved and the burden of care can be reduced.