超级电容器电极材料及电解液的研究进展

Research progress of electrode materials and electrolytes for supercapacitors

为应对环境污染造成的气候变化,中国提出碳达峰、碳中和目标。为实现这一目标,有必要使用新工艺、新设备来改善传统能源造成的温室气体排放。作为介于传统电容器和化学电源之间的一种新型储能器件,超级电容器具有功率密度高、循环寿命长、温度范围宽和绿色安全等优点,已经广泛应用到电子设备、智慧电网和储能等领域,有效地起到了碳减排作用。电极材料和电解液是构成超级电容器的主要组成部分,也是影响超级电容器性能的关键因素。综述了超级电容器在电极材料及电解液方面的研究进展,并详细介绍了对它们的优缺点,展望了其未来发展趋势。

In order to deal with the climate change caused by environmental pollution,China has put forward the goal of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality.To achieve this goal,it is necessary to use new processes and equipment to reduce greenhouse gas emitted from traditional energy resources.As a new type of energy storage device between traditional capacitor and chemical power supply,supercapacitor has the advantages of higher power density,long cycle life,wide temperature range and green safety,and has been widely employed in electronic equipment,smart grid,energy storage and other fields,which can reduce carbon emissions effectively.Electrode materials and electrolytes are not only the main components of supercapacitors,but also the key factors affecting the performance of supercapacitors.In this paper,the research progress of electrode materials and electrolytes for supercapacitors was reviewed,the advantages and disadvantages of electrode materials and electrolytes were introduced in detail,and their future development trends were prospected.