聚醚砜/纳米碳复合耐高温隔热气凝胶的制备及性能研究

Preparation and performance of polyethersulfone/carbon nanotube composite aerogels with high-temperature resistance and thermal insulation

以聚醚砜(PES)为基体、氧化石墨烯(GO)和碳纳米管(CNT)为填料,利用溶剂冷冻模板法,制备了PES/GO和PES/CNT气凝胶材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、导热系数仪、红外热成像仪、力学试验机等对气凝胶材料进行表征。结果表明,通过定向冷冻和升华溶剂获得微观取向的孔道结构保证了气凝胶优异的隔热性能和力学性能。随着纳米碳材料和PES基体含量的变化,气凝胶的导热系数在0.0307~0.0698W/(m·K)之间,压缩强度在0.2~1.0MPa(30%应变),而纳米碳材料的加入使得导热系数和压缩强度存在平衡关系。

Polyethersulfone/graphene oxide(PES/GO) and polyethersulfone/carbon nanotube(PES/CNT) aerogels were prepared using PES as matrix and GO and CNT as fillers by solvent freezing template method.The aerogel materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM),thermal conductivity meter,infrared thermal imager and mechanical testing machine.The results indicated that the microscopic oriented pore structure was obtained by direction freezing and sublimating solvent,which made the aerogels possess excellent thermal insulation and mechanical properties.With the variation of the content of nanocarbon material and PES matrix,the thermal conductivity of aerogels was from 0.0307 to 0.0698W/(m·K),and the compressive strength was from 0.2 to 1.0MPa(30%strain).Moreover,the balance between thermal conductivity and compressive strength was kept by adding the nanocarbon materials.