关于实测分解电压低于可逆分解电压的讨论

Explanation and Discussion of Measured Decomposition Voltages Lower than Corresponding Reversible Decomposition Voltages

由于过电位的存在,通过电解使非自发化学反应发生所对应的分解电压通常高于相应原电池的可逆电动势。然而在采用不同电解质进行水电解时,教材提供的数据中出现了实测分解电压低于可逆电动势的个别情况,本文就导致此现象的可能原因进行了分析讨论,对有关数据涉及的具体物态和介质酸碱性进行了匹配说明;并以此作为对较为复杂问题进行剖析的一个教学参考案例。

Due to the existence of over-potential,the decomposition voltage of the chemical reaction via electrolysis is usually higher than its reversible electromotive force of the corresponding primary cell.However,it happens that the measured decomposition voltage is lower than the reversible electromotive force by using different electrolytes for water electrolysis according to the data provided in a textbook.After clarifying the specific states of associated reactants and the relevant acidity of the medium,the possible causes to this phenomenon were analyzed and discussed.It was provided here as a teaching reference for analyzing complex problems.