沉浸式机加工虚拟仿真实训系统研究

Research on Immersive Machining Virtual Simulation Training System

传统机加工学习过程依赖现实实验室,课程学时过短,学生训练不足,存在安全隐患。为此,提出一种基于虚拟现实(VR)技术的机加工虚拟仿真实训系统。以普车加工为例,依托Solidworks和3Ds Max建模软件完成车间地形环境和虚拟机床的建模,利用3Ds Max将实体模型转换为三角面模型,降低数据处理量,完成模型优化;利用Unity 3D引擎和C#脚本语言构建多级交互系统,设计包含场景漫游、设备认知、理论知识和操作模拟4大模块单元的实训系统,通过Meta公司的Oculus Quest 2 VR头显部署,让用户在逼真的虚拟环境中沉浸式熟悉实训环境,认识加工设备,理解加工原理,学习理论知识,熟悉加工步骤。系统实操表明,该系统操作简单、模拟效果逼真,能够有效提高机加工学习的沉浸感,做到工程训练的“虚实结合、互为补充”。

The traditional machining learning process relies on realistic laboratories,the course time is too short,students are under trained,and there are potential safety hazards.Therefore,a virtual simulation training system for machining based on VR technology is proposed.Ta-king general vehicle machining as an example,relying on Solidworks and 3Ds Max modeling software to complete the modeling of the workshop terrain environment and virtual machine tools,3Ds Max is used to convert the physical model into a triangular model to reduce the amount of data processing and complete the model optimization;Unity 3 The D engine and C#scripting language is used to build a multi-level interactive system,and a practical training system that includes four module modules is designed:scene roaming,device cognition,theoretical knowledge and operation simulation.Through Meta’s Oculus Quest 2 VR headset deployment,users can realistically immersively familiar with the practical training environment in the virtual environment,understand the processing equipment,understand the processing principles,learn theoretical knowledge,and be familiar with the processing steps.The practice of the system shows that the system is simple to operate and the simulation effect is realistic,which can effectively improve the immersion of machining learning and achieve the“combination of virtual reality and complementarity”of engineering training.