淋巴管血管侵犯在膀胱癌中的研究现状和展望

Lymphovascular invasion in bladder cancer:current status and future prospects

淋巴管血管侵犯(lymphovascular invasion,LVI)同膀胱癌生存、复发和进展风险密切相关,但在目前膀胱癌的精准诊断、预后评估和治疗决策中对LVI作用的认识仍不足。本文旨在介绍近年来在识别和评估LVI、了解LVI发生机制以及探索LVI辅助临床精准诊疗方面的进展,并对未来的研究方向进行展望。笔者认为,继LVI在识别极高危非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer,NMIBC)中的意义被写入指南后,LVI在识别新辅助治疗获益患者中的作用将逐渐被认识。而凭借3D病理学、高通量测序、人工智能等前沿技术的发展,我们对LVI的发生机制、分子特征将会有更为深刻的了解。

Lymphovascular invasion(LVI)is closely associated with the survival,recurrence,and progression risk in bladder cancer.However,there is still a lack of understanding regarding the role of LVI in the current practice of precise diagnosis,prognosis assessment,and treatment decisions for bladder cancer.This article aims to introduce recent advances in identifying and assessing LVI,the mechanisms of LVI,and considering LVI in precise diagnosis and treatment.After the inclusion of LVI in identifying very high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in guidelines,its role in identifying patients who may benefit from neoadjuvant therapy will gradually be recognized.With the development of cutting-edge technologies such as 3D pathology,high-throughput sequencing,artificial intelligence,we will gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and molecular features of LVI in the near future.