情绪智力在重症监护室护士知觉压力与职业倦怠间的中介效应

The mediating effect of emotional intelligence between perceived stress and burnout of nurses in intensive care unit

目的探索情绪智力在ICU护士知觉压力与职业倦怠间是否存在中介效用,为ICU护理管理者制订相应干预计划提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,使用一般资料、中文版知觉压力量表、情绪智力量表、职业倦怠量表于2023年1—4月选取15所三级甲等医院内的683名护士作为研究对象进行横断面问卷调查,并对结果进行分析。结果受调查的683名护士,中文版知觉压力量表得分为(45.59±6.70)分,情绪智力量表得分为(57.06±9.22)分,职业倦怠量表得分为(54.50±11.63)分;Pearson相关分析显示知觉压力与职业倦怠之间呈正相关(r=0.543,P<0.01);职业倦怠与情绪智力之间呈负相关(r=-0.465,P<0.01);知觉压力与情绪智力之间呈负相关(r=-0.585,P<0.01);情绪智力在知觉压力与职业倦怠间起中介效应,占总效应的24.2%。结论情绪智力是ICU护士知觉压力与职业倦怠间的中介变量,护理管理者应关注其知觉压力与情绪智力水平,定期评估、针对性采取及时的干预措施,提升情绪管理能力,培养应对压力的应变能力,进而降低ICU护士的职业倦怠水平。

Objective To explore whether there is a mediating role of emotional intelligence between perceived stress and burnout in ICU nurses.Praide a basis for ICU nurses managers to develop corresponding intervention plans.Methods Using a convenience sampling method,683 nurses in 15 class A tertiary hospitals were conducted a cross-sectional surrey from January to April 2023 using general information,the Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale,the Emotional Intelligence Scale,and the Burnout Scale.Results Chinese version of the Perceptual Stress Scale Score(45.59±6.70),Emotional Intelligence Scale score(57.06±9.22),Burnout Scale score(54.50±11.63);pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between perceptual stress and burnout(r=0.543,P<0.01);emotional intelligence was a negative correlation(r=-0.465,P<0.01).A negative correlation was found between perceived stress and emotional intelligence(r=-0.585,P<0.01);emotional intelligence mediated the effect between perceived stress and burnout,accounting for 24.2%of the total effect.Conclusions Emotional intelligence is a mediating variable between perceived stress and burnout among nurses in ICU.Nursing managers should pay attention to their perceived stress and emotional intelligence levels,regularly assess them,and target take timely interventions to improve emotional management ability and develop resilience to cope with stress,so as to reduce the burnout level of nurses in ICU.