中国传统“天机”论文艺思想研究略论

A Brief Discussion on the Research of Traditional Chinese Theory of“Tianji”(“Heavenly Mechanism”)Art Thought

“天机”范畴源于老庄哲学,后经过历代文艺家发挥,逐渐具有丰富的思想内涵。“天机”论提出艺术家通过涤荡社会欲望,观照到存在本然具有的澄明之境,才能凭借个体生命的禀赋以及技艺来自然而然创立作品;欣赏者面对艺术作品则油然而悟到艺术品所凝聚的生生之机,体味到此在的活泼圆融之趣。近现代以来,因“意境”论凸显为文艺思想主流诠释,“天机”论文艺思想难免被相对掩抑,对其着力研究有助于进一步呈现中国传统艺术美学思想的话语多样性。

The category of“Tianji”(“Heavenly Mechanism”)originated from Laozi and Zhuangzi’s philosophy,and gradually gained rich ideological connotation through the play of successive generations of literary artists.The theory of“Heavenly Mechanism”proposes that artists can create works spontaneously by virtue of the endowments and skills of individual life by purifying social desires and observing the clear state of existence;When the viewer faces the artwork,they realize the vitality of the artwork and tastes the lively and rounded interest here.Since modern times,because the theory of“Yijing”(“artistic conception”)has been highlighted as the mainstream interpretation of literary and artistic thought,the art thought of the“Heavenly Mechanism”thesis is inevitably relatively suppressed,and its focus on research is conducive to further presenting the discourse diversity of traditional Chinese art aesthetic thought.