Al-Mg系合金中合金化元素作用及其对力学性能的影响

The role of alloying elements in Al-Mg alloys and their influence on mechanical properties

铝镁合金是轻量化材料应用领域中一种重要的金属材料,属于中高强度铝合金,具有较高的塑性、良好的耐蚀性以及优良的焊接性等优势,目前在航空航天、交通运输和军工制造等领域具有广阔的应用前景。笔者综述了铝镁合金力学性能特点以及用途,介绍了Al-Mg系合金中的强化机制,重点阐述了Al-Mg系合金中主合金化元素Mg及其含量对合金微观组织和力学性能的影响规律及机理,详细论述了Mn、Zr、Ti、Sc、Er、Y等微合金化元素的作用以及对Al-Mg系合金微观组织和力学性能的影响规律。最后,结合Al-Mg系合金当前研究现状,提出了今后值得研究的方向。

Al-Mg alloy is an important metal material in the field of lightweight material application.It belongs to the medium and high strength aluminum alloy,with high plasticity,good corrosion resistance and excellent weldability and other advantages,and currently has broad application prospects in aerospace,transportation and military manufacturing.This paper reviews the mechanical properties and applications of aluminum-magnesium alloys,introduces the strengthening mechanism in Al-Mg alloys,focuses on the influence law and mechanism of the main alloying element Mg and its content on microstructure and mechanical properties in Al-Mg alloys,and discusses in detail the role of Mn,Zr,Ti,Sc,Er,Y and other microalloyed elements on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Mg alloys.Finally,based on the current research status of Al-Mg series alloys,the future research directions are proposed.