乌蒙山区县域三生空间功能耦合协调的时空特征与格局演化

Spatio-temporal characteristics and evolution of production-living-ecological space function coupling coordination in Wumeng Mountain area

为探索乌蒙山区县域“三生”空间功能间的时空特征与互动关系,研究以县域为基本研究单元,以鲁甸县2009、2014和2018年土地利用变更调查矢量数据库和DEM数据作为基础数据源,采用耦合协调度与反距离权重插值法,解析三生功能之间的耦合协调性,并分析不同海拔、坡度和坡向“三生”功能耦合协调度空间面积构成及变化特征。结果表明:1)研究区以生产功能为主且空间分布较为均衡;生活功能主要以带状和点状分布于研究区坝区、农村居民点与建制镇,随时间的推移逐渐趋于集中;生态功能主要分布于研究区北部、西北部和中部富集林地和草地的高寒山区,与生产功能、生活功能表现出明显的空间互补性。2)研究区“三生”功能耦合协调度呈现5种类型,以高度协调区与中度协调区为主基调,空间上呈现出中部和中南部较高的格局特征,时间尺度上变化特征较小,仅西南部增加几块团块状低耦合协调区。3)在地形特征上,2009和2014年耦合协调高值区分布于2000~2500 m海拔之间,2018年则在海拔2500 m时耦合协调度高值区面积占比最大;以坡度在小于5°时中度协调和高度协调区组合所占国土面积最大,随坡度的增加,耦合协调度等级逐渐降低;以坡向为正阳向时中度协调和高度协调区组合所占比例最大,坡向为半阳向次之。

In order to explore the spatio-temporal characteristics and interactive relationship between the functions of the county and rural areas in Wumeng Mountain area,this study took the county area as the basic research unit,took the vector database of land use change survey and DEM data of Ludian County in 2009,2014 and 2018 as the basic data sources,and used the coupling coordination degree and inverse distance weight interpolation method to analyze the coupling coordination between the functions of rural areas and rural areas.The spatial area composition and variation characteristics of coupling coordination degree of production-living-ecological functions at different altitudes,slopes and slope directions were analyzed.The results show that:1)The production function is dominant in the study area and the spatial distribution is relatively balanced;The living functions are mainly distributed in the dam area,rural residential areas and towns,and gradually tend to be concentrated with the passage of time.Ecological functions are mainly distributed in the northern,northwestern and central regions of the study area,which are rich in woodland and grassland,and show obvious spatial complementarity with production and living functions.2)There are five types of coupling coordination degree of the production-living-ecological functions in the study area,with the high coordination and moderate coordination areas as the main keynote.The spatial pattern is higher in the central and southern parts of the study area,and the temporal variation is small.Only a few clusters of low coupling coordination areas are added in the southwest.3)In terms of topographic characteristics,coupling coordination with high values are distributed between 2000 m and 2500 m in 2009 and 2014,and the area of coupling coordination with high values is the largest at 2500 m in 2018.When the slope is less than 5°,the combination of moderate coordination zone and high coordination zone occupies the largest land area.With the increase of the slope,the coupling coordination degree level gradually decreases.When the slope direction is in positive sun direction,the combination of moderate coordination and high coordination area accounts for the largest proportion,followed by the slope direction is in half sun direction.