溶血现象对临床生化检验项目的影响及相关预防措施

Impact of Hemolysis on Routine Clinical Labortory Tests and Related Preventive Measures

目的:探讨溶血现象在临床生化检验项目中对检验结果的影响。方法:选取2021年4月—2023年4月于湄潭县人民医院行健康体检的人员70例作为研究对象,均接受生化检验,在受检者空腹状态下采集静脉血样8 mL,置于抗凝试管中,分2支装,分别记为对照组(未进行溶血处理,为正常标本)与观察组(实施人工溶血处理)。比较两组的生化检验结果。结果:观察组甘油三酯、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、乳酸脱氢酶、总蛋白、葡萄糖水平高于对照组,肌酸激酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素、碱性磷酸酶水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组血清总胆固醇、白蛋白、尿酸、尿素氮、血清肌酐水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:溶血现象是影响生化检验结果准确性的重要因素,在实际检验工作中应高度重视血液样本溶血现象的预防,通过强化管理、优化流程、严格质控等措施,确保检验标本质量合格,减少溶血现象,为临床生化检验结果的准确性提供有效保证。

Objective:To explore the influence of hemolysis on clinical labortory testing results.Methods:70 healthy people who taken medical check-up in Meitan County People's Hospital from April 2021 to April 2023 were selected as study subjects,all of whom were subjected to biochemical labor tests.8 ml of venous blood samples were collected in fasting state,placed in anticoagulated tubes,and divided into 2 packages,which were regarded as the control group(normal specimens without artificial hemolysis treatment)and the observation group(with artificial hemolysis treatment).The results were compared between the two groups.Results:The following indexes of observation group were higher than those of the control group:triglyceride,aspartate aminotransferase,Alanine Aminotransferase,lactate dehydrogenase,total protein and glucose,while the levels of Creatine Kinase,total Bilirubin,direct Bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase of observation group were lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);comparison on the levels of serum total cholesterol,albumin,uric acid,urea nitrogen and serum Creatinine in between both groups did not show a statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:Hemolytic samples in clinical laboratory testing are rather common and unfavorable occurrence,which affect the accuracy of test results.Therefore hemolysis should be avoided in the laboratory practice through the good quality control and optimization of the process to ensure accurate testing results.