综合护理对尿毒症血液透析患者血压、心脑血管并发症及生活质量的影响研究

The Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Care in Uremic Patients with Hemodialysis on Their Blood Pressure and Cardio-cerebrovascular Complications and Their Quality of Life

目的:探究综合护理对尿毒症血液透析患者血压及心脑血管并发症、生活质量的影响。方法:选取海阳市第三人民医院血液透析室2021年8月—2022年10月收治的60例尿毒症血液透析患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组与观察组,各30例。对照组患者采用常规护理,观察组患者给予综合护理。观察两组患者护理前后血压水平(舒张压和收缩压),统计心绞痛、脑出血、脑梗死和心肌梗死等心脑血管并发症的发生率,评估生活质量。结果:两组患者护理后舒张压和收缩压水平均较治疗前显著降低,且观察组较对照组降低明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者心脑血管并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者护理后精神状态、躯体机能、社会功能、日常生活评分均高于护理前,且观察组各项评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:综合护理能改善尿毒症血液透析患者血压及预防心脑血管并发症发生,明显提高生活质量,可应用并予以推广。

Objective:To investigate the effects of comprehensive nursing care in uremic hemodialysis patients on their blood pressure and cardio-cerebrovascular complications and quality of life.Methods:60 cases of uremic hemodialysis patients admitted to the hemodialysis unit of the third People's Hospital of Haiyang City from August 2021 to October 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,30 cases each.The patients in the control group were given conventional nursing care,and the patients in the observation group were given comprehensive nursing care.In between two groups the following indexes were recorded and compared:their blood pressure levels(diastolic and systolic)before and after the nursing care,the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular complications such as angina pectoris,cerebral hemorrhage,cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction,and index of the quality of life.Results:The diastolic and systolic blood pressure levels of the two groups of patients were significantly lower than those before treatment,and the observation group was lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in the observation group which was lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of mental status,somatic function,social function and daily life of patients in both groups after nursing were higher than those before nursing,and all scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comprehensive nursing can improve blood pressure and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in uremic hemodialysis patients,significantly improve their quality of life.