分级阶段性饮食干预对老年吞咽障碍患者营养状况的影响

Effects of Graded-phase Dietary Intervention on the Nutritional Status of Elderly Patients with Dysphagia

目的:探究分级阶段性饮食干预对老年吞咽障碍患者营养状况的影响。方法:选取2020年9月—2022年12月广西江滨医院收治的老年吞咽障碍患者100例为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组与试验组,各50例。对照组采用常规护理,试验组在常规护理基础上采用功能性经口摄食量表(FOIS)分级阶段性饮食干预。比较两组患者的护理效果与营养状况。结果:试验组护理总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.028);护理后,两组血红蛋白、血清白蛋白、转铁蛋白及血清总蛋白水平均升高,试验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对老年吞咽障碍患者施以FOIS分级阶段性饮食干预有助于改善其经口摄食情况,还能显著提升其营养状况,具有较高的临床应用价值。

Objective:to investigate the effect of graded-phase dietary intervention on the nutritional status of elderly patients with dysphagia.Methods:100 cases of elderly patients with dysphagia admitted to Guangxi Jiangbin Hospital from September 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and were divided into the control group and the experimental group according to the method of randomized numerical table,each with 50 cases.The control group used conventional nursing care,and the experimental group used the Functional Oral Intake Scale(FOIS)graded staged dietary intervention on the basis of convention⁃al nursing care.The nursing effect and nutritional status of the two groups were compared.Results:The total effective rate of nursing care in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.028);after nursing care,the levels of hemoglobin,serum albumin,transferrin,and total serum protein in the two groups were elevated,and the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically signifi⁃cant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The FOIS-graded phased dietary intervention for elderly patients with dysphagia can help to improve their oral intake and significantly enhance their nutritional status,which is of high clinical value.