基于地理信息系统的农业耕地土壤污染源检测方法研究

Study on Detection Method of Soil Pollution Sources in Agricultural Cultivated Land Based on GIS

基于地理信息系统的农业耕地土壤污染源检测方法,在整个研究区3亩区域,采集了研究区土壤样品,并采用相关性分析、富集因子及评价、正定矩阵因子分析模型(PMF)解析了重金属污染来源及其贡献率,并且用指数法评价了重金属污染水平及其生态风险。结果表明:As、Pb、Cd数据呈现正态性分布,Zn、Cr、Cu、Ni污染物特征相对比较集中,呈现均匀性分布。其余重金属除了Ni以外,评价结果都属于安全等级。经PMF模型源解析可知研究区域农业耕地土壤中重金属的主要来源依次是:自然土壤来源>农业污染来源>工业活动来源>地下径流和大气沉降来源。

A method for detecting soil pollution sources in agricultural cultivated land based on geographic information systems was used.Soil samples were collected from the entire 3-acre area of the study area,and heavy metal pollution sources and their contribution rates were analyzed using correlation analysis,enrichment factor and evaluation,and positive definite matrix factor analysis(PMF)models.The level of heavy metal pollution and its ecological risks were evaluated using index method.The results show that As,Pb,and Cd data exhibit a normal distribution,while Zn,Cr,Cu,and Ni pollutants have relatively concentrated characteristics and exhibit a uniform distribution.Except for Ni,the evaluation results of other heavy metals all belong to the safety level.According to the source analysis of the PMF model,the main sources of heavy metals in agricultural farmland soil in this study area are:natural soil sources>agricultural pollution sources>industrial activity sources>groundwater runoff and atmospheric sedimentation sources.