某医院2020—2021年儿童重症监护病房医院感染情况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of nosocomial infection in pediatric intensive care unit in a hospital from 2020 to 2021

目的分析某医院2020—2021年儿童重症监护病房(PICU)医院感染情况。方法选取2020年1月至2021年12月苏州大学附属儿童医院PICU收治的患儿进行医院感染目标性监测,统计医院感染率、感染例次率、日感染发病率、病原菌分布、部位分布、器械使用率及器械相关感染发病率。结果2021年PICU医院感染率、感染例次率、日感染发病率均低于2020年(P<0.05)。2020年与2021年PICU病原菌分布均以鲍曼不动杆菌为主。2020年与2021年PICU医院感染部位均集中于下呼吸道。2020年与2021年PICU呼吸机、中央导管、导尿管使用率均较高,且以呼吸机相关肺炎感染多见。结论对PICU医院感染目标性监测结果进行调查分析,有助于明确医院感染变化趋势,识别高发部位及主要致病菌类型,及早切断传播途径,降低医院感染率,保障患儿的健康安全。

Objective To analyze nosocomial infection in pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)in a hospital from 2020 to 2021.Methods Children admitted to PICU of Children’s Hospital of Soochow University from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected for targeted surveillance of nosocomial infection.Nosocomial infection rate,infection case rate,daily infection incidence,pathogen distribution,site distribution,device utilization rate and incidence of device-associated infection were analyzed.Results The nosocomial infection rate,infection case rate and daily infection incidence of PICU in 2021 were lower than those in 2020(P<0.05).The distribution of PICU pathogens in 2020 and 2021 was mainly Acinetobacter baumannii.In 2020 and 2021,PICU nosocomial infection site was concentrated in the lower respiratory tract.In 2020 and 2021,the utilization rates of ventilator,central catheter and urethral catheter in PICU were higher,and ventilator associated pneumonia infection was more common.Conclusion The investigation and analysis of the target surveillance results of PICU nosocomial infection is helpful to clarify the trend of nosocomial infection,identify the high-incidence site and the main pathogen types,cut off the transmission route early,reduce the nosocomial infection rate,and ensure the health and safety of children.