论陈子昂《感遇》的整体性、主题渊源及复古价值

On the Wholeness,Thematic Origins and Retro Value of Chen Zi'ang's“Emotional Impressions”

陈子昂《感遇》三十八首继承汉代士不遇赋的主题,从自然天道、历史兴废、时俗盛衰的角度对“时、才、命”关系进行了系统的、理性的思考,自然荣枯、时俗颓风、朝政弊端这些看似纷繁的主题都统一在“士不遇”的主题之下,具有高度的整体性,可视作“组诗”。同时,时俗与朝政问题也是“感士不遇”的最终旨归,陈子昂在道不合时、幽居林隐的境遇下依然心系魏阙,通过批评现实来寄寓他的治世主张,体现了士人始终“以天下为己任”的儒家生命价值观。因此,陈子昂的诗歌复古理想与政治复古理想相勾连,《感遇》三十八首不仅恢复了汉魏古诗的体制,同时也复兴了士道精神,奠定了唐代诗歌复古的基本内容、创作宗旨,同样对中唐古文复兴有重要的精神指导。

Chen Zi'ang's collection of thirty-eight poems,titled“Emotional Impressions,”carries on the tradition of Han-dynasty scholars'verses on unrecognized talents.It offers a systematic and rational reflection on the relationship between time,talent and destiny through the lenses of nature,history and custom.These seemingly disparate topics converge under the motif of underappreciated scholars abilities,creating a highly cohesive and thematic whole.At the same time,concerns about tradition and governance lie at the core of his lamentations about unacknowledged talents.Even in his seclusion,Chen Zi'ang's heart remained tied to the imperial court,and he subtly conveyed his vision of governance through critiques of contemporary reality.This reflected the Confucian value of life that scholars should bear a responsibility for the state of the world.Consequently,Chen Zi'ang's vision of poetic antiquity is connected from his concept of political antiquity.The thirty-eight poems of“Emotional Impressions”not only resurrect the formal structure of ancient poetry of the Han and Wei dynasties,but also rekindle the spirit of scholars,solidify the fundamental content,and establish the creative purpose of poetic antiquity in the Tang dynasty.They stand as an important spiritual guide for the resurgence of ancient literature in the mid-Tang dynasty.