纳米酶介导的化学发光传感技术及其用于生物毒素检测的研究进展

Review for Nanozymes Powered Chemiluminescence Sensing Technologies and Their Applications in Biotoxins Detection

纳米酶是一类具有天然酶活性的纳米材料,具有成本低、稳定性高、耐久性好、活性可控、易于储存和可重复使用的优点,在生化分析、医疗诊断和环境监测领域得到了广泛应用。纳米酶介导的化学发光传感技术为开发经济便捷的生物毒素高灵敏检测方法提供了强有力的技术支撑。本文综述了纳米酶的分类和催化机理,阐明了纳米酶的活性起源;介绍了用于增强化学发光的纳米酶材料类型以及不同类型纳米酶的作用机制和活性增强策略;回顾了纳米酶介导的化学发光传感技术在生物毒素检测方面的研究进展。最后,总结了纳米酶技术面临的挑战,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。

Nanozymes are nanomaterials with excellent natural enzyme-like characteristics,which possess significant advantages including low cost,high stability,good durability,controllable activity,easy storage and excellent reusability,and have been widely applied in biochemical assay,medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring fields.Nanozymes powered chemiluminescence sensing technologies could provide powerfully technical support for developing highly sensitive,cost-effective and convenient assay strategy for biotoxins.In this paper,the classification and catalytic mechanism of nanozymes were reviewed and the origin of their activity was elucidated.The types of nanozyme materials applied in enhancing chemiluminescence systems were also briefly described,and the catalytic mechanisms and activity enhancement strategies of different types of nanozymes were revealed.In addition,research progress of nanozymes powered chemiluminescence sensing technologies in the detection of biotoxins were also reviewed.Finally,the challenges and future development trends of nanozymes were summarized and prospected.