非编码RNA对牛前体脂肪细胞分化的研究进展

Research Progress on the Differentiation of Bovine Preadipocytes Using Non Coding RNA

肌内脂肪含量是评价牛肉等级和价值的重要指标,其取决于肌内前体脂肪细胞的增殖与分化。前体脂肪细胞分化是一个高度协调的过程,受到激素、转录因子、细胞因子及表观调控等多种因素调控。非编码RNA(Non-coding RNA,ncRNA)是一类不编码蛋白质的表观遗传学调节因子,在前体脂肪细胞分化过程中发挥重要作用,其鉴定、功能和调节机制研究已成为牛脂肪沉积的研究热点。该文在简单介绍ncRNA分类、作用机制的基础上,详细阐述了miRNA、lncRNA和circRNA等3种类型的ncRNAs在不同品种、不同性别牛脂肪组织中的表达规律及在前体脂肪细胞分化中的研究进展,以期为解析ncRNA调控牛脂肪细胞分化机制奠定理论基础,并为今后ncRNA在肉牛分子育种提高肌内脂肪含量方面的应用提供理论参考。

The intramuscular fat content is an important indicator for evaluating beef grade and value.It depends on the proliferation and differentiation of intramuscular preadipocytes.The differentiation of preadipocytes is a highly coordinated process regulated by various factors such as hormones,transcription factors,cytokines,and epigenetic regulation.Non-coding RNA(ncRNA)is a class of epigenetic regulatory factors that do not encode proteins.NcRNAs play an important role in the differentiation of preadipocytes and the identification,function,and regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs have become a research hotspot in the deposition of bovine fat.On the basis of a brief introduction to the classification and mechanism of action of ncRNAs,this article elaborates in detail on the expression patterns of three types of ncRNAs,including miRNA,lncRNA,and circRNA,in bovine adipose tissue of different breeds and genders,as well as the research progress in precursor adipocyte differentiation.The aim is to lay a data foundation for parsing the mechanism of ncRNA regulating bovine adipocyte differentiation,and provide a theoretical basis for the application of ncRNA in molecular breeding of beef cattle to improve intramuscular fat content in the future.